Authenticated safety beacons in Vehicular Communication (VC) systems ensure awareness among neighboring vehicles. However, the verification of beacon signatures introduces significant processing overhead for resource-constrained vehicular On-Board Units (OBUs). Even worse in dense neighborhood or when a clogging Denial of Service (DoS) attack is mounted. The OBU would fail to verify for all received (authentic or fictitious) beacons. This could significantly delay the verifications of authentic beacons or even affect the awareness of neighboring vehicle status. In this paper, we propose an efficient cooperative beacon verification scheme leveraging efficient symmetric key based authentication on top of pseudonymous authentication (based on traditional public key cryptography), providing efficient discovery of authentic beacons among a pool of received authentic and fictitious beacons, and can significantly decrease waiting times of beacons in queue before their validations. We show with simulation results that our scheme can guarantee low waiting times for received beacons even in high neighbor density situations and under DoS attacks, under which a traditional scheme would not be workable.

中文翻译：

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车载通信系统的 DoS 弹性协作信标验证

车辆通信 (VC) 系统中经过身份验证的安全信标可确保相邻车辆之间的意识。然而，信标签名的验证为资源受限的车载单元 (OBU) 带来了大量的处理开销。在人口稠密的社区或安装了阻塞的拒绝服务 (DoS) 攻击时，情况更糟。OBU 将无法验证所有接收到的（真实的或虚构的）信标。这可能会显着延迟对真实信标的验证，甚至影响对相邻车辆状态的了解。在本文中，我们提出了一种高效的协作信标验证方案，利用基于假名认证（基于传统公钥密码术）的高效对称密钥认证，在接收到的真实和虚构信标池中提供真实信标的有效发现，并且可以显着减少队列中信标在验证之前的等待时间。我们通过仿真结果表明，即使在高邻居密度情况和 DoS 攻击下，我们的方案也可以保证接收信标的等待时间较短，在这种情况下，传统方案是行不通的。