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Land-use history impacts functional diversity across multiple trophic groups.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-06 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910023117
Gaëtane Le Provost 1, 2, 3, 4 , Isabelle Badenhausser 2, 3, 5, 6 , Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet 7 , Yann Clough 8 , Laura Henckel 2, 3, 5, 9 , Cyrille Violle 10 , Vincent Bretagnolle 3, 5 , Marilyn Roncoroni 2, 3, 5 , Peter Manning 4 , Nicolas Gross 11
Affiliation  

Land-use change is a major driver of biodiversity loss worldwide. Although biodiversity often shows a delayed response to land-use change, previous studies have typically focused on a narrow range of current landscape factors and have largely ignored the role of land-use history in shaping plant and animal communities and their functional characteristics. Here, we used a unique database of 220,000 land-use records to investigate how 20-y of land-use changes have affected functional diversity across multiple trophic groups (primary producers, mutualists, herbivores, invertebrate predators, and vertebrate predators) in 75 grassland fields with a broad range of land-use histories. The effects of land-use history on multitrophic trait diversity were as strong as other drivers known to impact biodiversity, e.g., grassland management and current landscape composition. The diversity of animal mobility and resource-acquisition traits was lower in landscapes where much of the land had been historically converted from grassland to crop. In contrast, functional biodiversity was higher in landscapes containing old permanent grasslands, most likely because they offer a stable and high-quality habitat refuge for species with low mobility and specialized feeding niches. Our study shows that grassland-to-crop conversion has long-lasting impacts on the functional biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems. Accordingly, land-use legacy effects must be considered in conservation programs aiming to protect agricultural biodiversity. In particular, the retention of permanent grassland sanctuaries within intensive landscapes may offset ecological debts.

中文翻译:

土地使用历史影响了多个营养群体之间的功能多样性。

土地利用变化是全球生物多样性丧失的主要驱动力。尽管生物多样性通常显示出对土地利用变化的反应迟缓,但以前的研究通常只关注当前景观因素的狭窄范围,并且很大程度上忽略了土地利用历史在塑造动植物群落及其功能特征方面的作用。在这里,我们使用了一个拥有220,000个土地利用记录的独特数据库,以调查20年来土地利用变化如何影响了75个草原上多个营养类群(主要生产者,互惠生,草食动物,无脊椎动物和掠食者)的功能多样性具有广泛土地使用历史的领域。土地利用历史对多营养性状多样性的影响与其他已知会影响生物多样性的驱动因素一样强烈,例如,草地管理和当前景观构成。在历史上许多土地已从草地转变为作物的景观中,动物活动性和资源获取特征的多样性较低。相反,功能性生物多样性在含有旧的永久性草原的景观中较高,最可能的原因是,它们为活动力低和具有专门觅食位的物种提供了稳定且高质量的栖息地。我们的研究表明,草地到农作物的转化对农业生态系统的功能生物多样性具有长期影响。因此,在旨在保护农业生物多样性的保护计划中必须考虑土地使用的遗留效应。特别是,在集约化景观中保留永久性草地保护区可以抵消生态债务。在历史上许多土地已从草地转变为作物的景观中,动物活动性和资源获取性状的多样性较低。相反,功能性生物多样性在含有旧的永久性草原的景观中较高,最可能的原因是,它们为活动力低和具有专门觅食位的物种提供了稳定且高质量的栖息地。我们的研究表明,草地到农作物的转化对农业生态系统的功能生物多样性具有长期影响。因此,在旨在保护农业生物多样性的保护计划中必须考虑土地使用的遗留效应。特别是,在集约化景观中保留永久性草地保护区可以抵消生态债务。在历史上许多土地已从草地转变为作物的景观中,动物活动性和资源获取性状的多样性较低。相反,功能性生物多样性在含有旧的永久性草原的景观中较高,最可能的原因是,它们为活动力低和具有专门觅食位的物种提供了稳定且高质量的栖息地。我们的研究表明,草地到农作物的转化对农业生态系统的功能生物多样性具有长期影响。因此,在旨在保护农业生物多样性的保护计划中必须考虑土地使用的遗留效应。特别是,在集约化景观中保留永久性草地保护区可以抵消生态债务。
更新日期:2020-01-22
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