Abstract Increasing the roughness of polyamide surface is recognized as an effective way to enhance their water permeability, however, this method also increases the fouling risk of the membranes. In this study, we present a type of enhanced nanostructured nanofiltration (E-NF) membrane, which was created by the simple addition of sodium bicarbonate during interfacial polymerization on a porous substrate. Water flux of the enhanced nanostructure NF membrane (E-NF) was nearly triple that of the control NF membrane (C–NF), while salt rejection was maintained at a high level. More importantly, the E-NF exhibited less fouling than the C–NF and a stripe nanostructure NF membrane (S–NF). This improved fouling resistance was a result of the enhanced ridge-and-valley nanostructure, which experienced reduced fouling coverage, as evidenced by non-destructive optical coherence tomography (OCT). Our results demonstrate the importance of surface nano-morphologies for improving membrane performance and provide new insight into methods which can be used to enhance the anti-fouling ability of nanofiltration membranes in applications such as water and wastewater treatment.

中文翻译：

---

具有增强条纹纳米形态结构的高性能纳滤膜

摘要 增加聚酰胺表面的粗糙度被认为是提高其透水性的有效方法，但这种方法也增加了膜的污染风险。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种增强型纳米结构纳滤 (E-NF) 膜，它是通过在多孔基材上的界面聚合过程中简单添加碳酸氢钠而制成的。增强型纳米结构 NF 膜（E-NF）的水通量几乎是对照 NF 膜（C-NF）的三倍，而脱盐率保持在高水平。更重要的是，E-NF 表现出比 C-NF 和条纹纳米结构 NF 膜（S-NF）更少的污染。这种提高的抗污染性是增强的脊谷纳米结构的结果，它减少了污染覆盖率，非破坏性光学相干断层扫描 (OCT) 证明了这一点。我们的研究结果证明了表面纳米形态对于提高膜性能的重要性，并为可用于提高纳滤膜在水和废水处理等应用中的防污能力的方法提供了新的见解。