Heavy metals contamination of soil especially with cadmium (Cd) is a serious environmental concern in the current industrial era. Biochar serves as an excellent ameliorating agent depending upon its properties and application rates. In the pot scale study, effect of acid treated (AWSB) and untreated wheat straw biochar (WSB) was studied on physiology, grain yield, Cd accumulation, and tolerance of quinoa with possible health risks. Different levels of Cd (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg kg-1), AWSB and WSB (1% and 2% (w/w)) were applied in soil. Accumulation of Cd in control plant tissues led to oxidative stress which was shown in terms of increased lipid peroxidation. While biochar application relieved the oxidative damage as confirmed by the low production of H2O2 and TBARS contents. Application of AWSB improved plant growth, pigment contents and gas exchange attributes by limiting the accumulation of Cd in root, shoot and grain of quinoa. Results revealed a significant improvement in the activity of superoxide (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) with biochar at elevated levels of Cd in soil. Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) remained < 1 in the quinoa grains with WSB and AWSB under Cd stress. These results revealed that AWSB most effectively alleviated Cd toxicity in quinoa thereby decreasing Cd accumulation and regulation of Cd induced oxidative stress triggered by the antioxidant enzymatic system.

中文翻译：

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酸处理过的生物炭通过限制其吸收并改善藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd。）中的镉吸收性，从而提高了镉的耐受性。

在当前的工业时代，土壤中的重金属尤其是镉对土壤的重金属污染是一个严重的环境问题。Biochar取决于其性能和使用率，可作为出色的改善剂。在盆栽规模研究中，研究了酸处理（AWSB）和未处理的麦秸生物炭（WSB）对生理，谷物产量，Cd积累和藜麦的耐受性（可能存在健康风险）的影响。在土壤中施用了不同水平的镉（0、25、50和75 mg kg-1），AWSB和WSB（1％和2％（w / w））。镉在对照植物组织中的积累导致了氧化应激，这表现为脂质过氧化增加。虽然生物炭的使用减轻了氧化损伤，但过低的H2O2和TBARS含量证明了这一点。应用AWSB可以改善植物生长，通过限制藜麦的根，茎和谷物中镉的积累，色素含量和气体交换属性。结果表明，在土壤中镉含量升高的情况下，随着生物炭的使用，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT），抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性显着提高。在Cd胁迫下，WSB和AWSB的藜麦谷物中的目标危害商（THQ）保持<1。这些结果表明，AWSB最有效地减轻了藜麦中Cd的毒性，从而减少了Cd的积累，并调节了由抗氧化剂酶系统触发的Cd诱导的氧化应激。土壤中Cd含量升高时，带有生物炭的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化物酶（POD）。在Cd胁迫下，WSB和AWSB的藜麦谷物中的目标危害商（THQ）保持<1。这些结果表明，AWSB最有效地减轻了藜麦中Cd的毒性，从而减少了Cd的积累，并调节了由抗氧化剂酶系统触发的Cd诱导的氧化应激。土壤中Cd含量升高时，带有生物炭的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化物酶（POD）。在Cd胁迫下，WSB和AWSB的藜麦谷物中的目标危害商（THQ）保持<1。这些结果表明，AWSB最有效地减轻了藜麦中Cd的毒性，从而减少了Cd的积累，并调节了由抗氧化剂酶系统触发的Cd诱导的氧化应激。