Abstract The GA-insensitive dwarf genes, Rht-B1b (Rht1) and Rht-D1b (Rht2), have been used worldwide for reducing plant height, improving lodging resistance and grain yield since the Green Revolution. To explore new dwarf genes for wheat improvement, in this study, the effects of GA-responsive (GAR) dwarf gene, Rht14, on plant height related traits, agronomic traits, yield traits and quality traits were evaluated in durum wheat by F2:3 lines, F3:4 lines and F4:5 lines that derived from reciprocal crosses between the Rht14 donor Castelporziano (CP) and Langdon (L). These results indicated that Rht14 could reduce plant height by an average of 26.68 % and 27.68 % in the lines of CP × L and L × CP populations, respectively. Furthermore, both the length of peduncle and each internode were all significantly reduced, with the basal one as the most proportion and the peduncle as the largest difference. The flag leaf length, width and area increased significantly in dwarf lines. Rht14 did not affect most of the yield components, including number of tillers plant−1, number of fertile tillers plant−1, spikelet number spike−1, grain number spike−1, biomass plant−1, grain yield plant−1, while significantly decreased 1000-kernel weight. Rht14 didn’t affect the length of coleoptile and seedling root traits when compared with tall lines, indicating it may have the potential for good seedling establishment in the field. A negative effect of Rht14 on some quality traits was observed. The results indicate that GAR dwarf gene Rht14 represents a new alternative locus in breeding programs for improving population yield potential and lodging resistance in wheat.

中文翻译：

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GAR 矮化基因Rht14 降低了株高并影响了硬粒小麦（Triticum durum）的农艺性状

摘要 GA 不敏感矮化基因Rht-B1b (Rht1) 和Rht-D1b (Rht2) 自绿色革命以来已在世界范围内用于降低株高、提高抗倒性和粮食产量。为探索小麦改良的新矮化基因，本研究通过 F2:3 评估了 GA 响应（GAR）矮化基因 Rht14 对硬质小麦株高相关性状、农艺性状、产量性状和品质性状的影响从 Rht14 供体 Castelporziano (CP) 和 Langdon (L) 之间的互惠杂交衍生而来的品系、F3:4 品系和 F4:5 品系。这些结果表明，Rht14 可使 CP × L 和 L × CP 群体的株高分别平均降低 26.68 % 和 27.68 %。此外，花序梗的长度和每个节间的长度都显着减少，以基部比例最大，花梗差异最大。矮株系的旗叶长度、宽度和面积均显着增加。Rht14 不影响大部分产量成分，包括分蘖株数-1、可育分蘖株数-1、小穗数穗-1、籽粒数穗-1、生物量株数-1、籽粒产量株-1，而显着降低了 1000-kernel 的重量。与高株系相比，Rht14 不影响胚芽鞘长度和幼苗根性状，表明它可能具有在田间建立良好幼苗的潜力。观察到 Rht14 对某些品质性状的负面影响。结果表明，GAR 矮化基因Rht14 代表了育种计划中用于提高小麦群体产量潜力和抗倒伏性的新替代位点。