当前位置: X-MOL 学术J. Intern. Med. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
The role of the microbiota in sedentary lifestyle disorders and ageing: lessons from the animal kingdom.
Journal of Internal Medicine ( IF 9.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-19 , DOI: 10.1111/joim.13021
P W O'Toole 1 , P G Shiels 2
Affiliation  

A paradox of so-called developed countries is that, as the major historical causes of human mortality are eliminated or mitigated by medical progress, lifestyle-related diseases have become major killers. Furthermore, as lifespan is extended by the combined effects of modern medicine, health span is struggling to keep apace because of the burden of noncommunicable diseases linked to diet and sedentary lifestyle. The gut microbiome is now recognized as a plastic environmental risk factor for many of these diseases, the microbiome being defined as the complex community of co-evolved commensal microbes that breaks down components of a complex diet, modulates innate immunity, and produces signalling molecules and metabolites that can impact on diverse regulatory systems in mammals. Aspects of the so-called 'Western' lifestyle linked to disease risk such as energy dense diet and antibiotic treatment are known to affect the composition and function of the microbiome. Here, we review the detailed mechanisms whereby the gut microbiome may modulate risk of diseases linked to sedentary lifestyle and ageing-related health loss. We focus on the comparative value of natural animal models such as hibernation for studying metabolic regulation and the challenge of extrapolating from animal models to processes that occur in human ageing.

中文翻译:

菌群在久坐不动的生活方式和衰老中的作用:来自动物界的经验教训。

所谓发达国家的悖论是,随着医学进步消除或减轻了人类死亡的主要历史原因,与生活方式有关的疾病已成为主要杀手。此外,由于现代医学的综合作用使寿命得以延长,由于与饮食和久坐的生活方式有关的非传染性疾病的负担,健康寿命正在努力保持同步。如今,肠道微生物组被认为是许多此类疾病的可塑性环境危险因素,微生物组被定义为共同进化的共生微生物的复杂群落,可分解复杂饮食的成分,调节先天免疫力,并产生信号分子和会影响哺乳动物各种调节系统的代谢产物。所谓的“西方” 与疾病风险相关的生活方式,例如高能量饮食和抗生素治疗,会影响微生物组的组成和功能。在这里,我们回顾了肠道微生物组可能调节与久坐的生活方式和与衰老相关的健康损失相关疾病的风险的详细机制。我们将重点放在诸如冬眠之类的自然动物模型的比较价值上,以研究代谢调节以及从动物模型推断到人类衰老过程的挑战。
更新日期:2020-02-06
down
wechat
bug