Oxidative stress is known to be a key factor in many neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammation also plays a relevant role in a myriad of pathologies such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Polyphenols coming from dietary sources, such as pterostilbene, may be beneficial in this type of diseases. However, most of them are rapidly metabolized and excreted, yielding very low phenolic bioavailability what makes it difficult to find out which are the mechanisms responsible for the observed bioactivity. Herein, we evaluate the effects of pterostilbene and its metabolites against H2O2-induced cell damage in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among the metabolites tested, 3-methyl-4'-glucuronate-resveratrol (also called 4'-glucuronate pinostilbene, PIN-GlcAc, 11) prevented neuronal death via attenuation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increased REDOX activity in neurons. This compound is also able to ameliorate LPS-mediated inflammation on macrophages via inhibition of IL-6 and NO production. Thus, polyphenol from dietary sources could be part of potential functional foods designed to ameliorate the onset and progression of certain neurodegenerative diseases via oxidative stress reduction.

中文翻译：

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蕨类植物代谢产物在人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y和RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中的神经保护和抗炎作用。

已知氧化应激是许多神经退行性疾病的关键因素。炎症在多种疾病（例如糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化）中也起着重要作用。来自饮食来源的多酚，例如萜烯多酚，可能对这类疾病有益。然而，它们中的大多数被迅速代谢并排泄，产生非常低的酚类生物利用度，这使得很难找出导致观察到的生物活性的机理。在本文中，我们评估了蝶粉及其代谢产物对H2O2诱导的人成神经细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的作用以及对脂多糖（LPS）挑战的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞的影响。在所测试的代谢产物中，3-甲基-4'-葡萄糖醛酸酯-白藜芦醇（也称为4'-葡萄糖醛酸酯松油烯，PIN-GlcAc，11）通过减少活性氧（ROS）水平和增加神经元的REDOX活性来预防神经元死亡。该化合物还能够通过抑制IL-6和NO的产生来减轻巨噬细胞上LPS介导的炎症。因此，饮食中的多酚可能是潜在的功能性食品，旨在通过减少氧化应激来改善某些神经退行性疾病的发作和发展。