Changing conditions necessitate cellular adaptation, which frequently entails adjustment of organelle size and shape. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle of exceptional morphological plasticity. In budding yeast, ER stress triggers the de novo formation of ER subdomains called ER whorls. These whorls are selectively degraded by a poorly defined type of microautophagy. We recently showed that ESCRT proteins are essential for microautophagic uptake of ER whorls into lysosomes, likely by mediating the final scission of the lysosomal membrane. Furthermore, ER-selective microautophagy acts in parallel with ER-selective macroautophagy. The molecular machineries for these two types of autophagy are distinct and their contributions to ER turnover vary according to conditions, suggesting that they serve different functions. Our study provides evidence for a direct role of ESCRTs in microautophagy and extends our understanding of how autophagy promotes organelle homeostasis.

中文翻译：

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将内质网转移至微自噬降解。

变化的条件需要细胞适应，这经常需要调节细胞器的大小和形状。内质网（ER）是一种具有异常形态可塑性的细胞器。在发芽的酵母中，内质网应激会触发从头形成称为ER螺旋的ER子域。这些旋涡被定义不明确的微自噬类型降解。我们最近表明ESCRT蛋白对于ER螺旋微自噬摄取到溶酶体中至关重要，可能是通过介导溶酶体膜的最终分裂来实现的。此外，ER选择性微自噬与ER选择性宏观自噬同时发挥作用。这两种自噬的分子机制是不同的，并且它们对ER转换的贡献根据条件的不同而有所变化，表明它们具有不同的功能。