Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on excitonic material systems, in which tightly bound photoexcited electron–hole pairs migrate together rather than as individual charge carriers, offer an attractive route to developing solution-processed, high-performance light emitters. Here, we demonstrate bright, efficient, excitonic infrared LEDs through the incorporation of quantum dots (QDs)¹ into a low-dimensional perovskite matrix. We program the surface of the QDs to trigger fast perovskite nucleation to achieve homogeneous incorporation of QDs into the matrix without detrimental QD aggregation, as verified by in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray spectroscopy. We tailor the distribution of the perovskites to drive balanced ultrafast excitonic energy transfer to the QDs. The resulting LEDs operate in the short-wavelength infrared region, an important regime for imaging and sensing applications, and exhibit a high external quantum efficiency of 8.1% at 980 nm at a radiance of up to 7.4 W Sr⁻¹ m⁻².

基于激子材料系统的发光二极管（LED），其中紧密结合的光激发电子-空穴对迁移在一起而不是作为单独的电荷载体，为开发溶液处理的高性能发光器提供了一条诱人的途径。在这里，我们通过结合量子点（QD）¹展示了明亮，高效，激子红外LED。变成低维钙钛矿基质。我们对QD的表面进行编程以触发快速的钙钛矿形核，以实现QDs均匀地掺入基质中而无有害的QD聚集，这已通过原位掠入射广角X射线光谱法得到了验证。我们调整钙钛矿的分布，以驱动平衡的超快激子能量转移到量子点。所得的LED在短波长红外区域（这是成像和传感应用的重要机制）中运行，并且在980 nm辐射度高达7.4 W Sr ^-1  m ^-2时表现出8.1％的高外部量子效率。