The use of nanotechnology for administering drugs is a recent development that presents promising results. Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound (TPU) is one such therapeutic option and is widely used for treating soft tissue lesions. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of phonophoresis using diclofenac (DC) linked to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in the skeletal muscle of rats used as a model of traumatic muscular injury. Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (N = 10): Sham, Muscle injury (MI), MI + TPU, MI + DC, MI + GNPs, MI + TPU + DC, MI + TPU + GNPs, and MI + TPU + DC-GNPs. The traumatic injury was performed in the gastrocnemius with a single direct traumatic impact via an injuring press. The animals received daily treatment for 5 consecutive days with TPU and gel with DC and/or GNPs. Two hours after the last treatment session, animals were euthanized and the gastrocnemius muscle surgically removed for histological and biochemical analysis. The groups exposed to some therapies (MI + TPU + DC, MI + TPU + GNPs and MI + TPU + DC-GNPs) showed reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokine levels was observed in the group exposed to all therapies combined (MI + TPU + DC-GNPs). Reactive species production and protein damage resulting from oxidative damage was lower for the group exposed to all tested therapies had lower production. Lower protein damage was also observed in the TPU + GNPs group. The group that underwent all tested therapies combined showed a significant increase in antioxidants compared to the MI group. During histological analysis, the MI group showed large amounts of cell infiltration and centralized nuclei, whereas the MI + TPU + DC-GNPs group showed structural improvements. Pain levels in the MI + TPU + DC-GNPs group were lower than those of the MI group. We believe that the association of TPU with DC linked to GNPs decreases the inflammation caused by traumatic muscle injury and accelerates tissue repair.

纳米技术在药物管理中的应用是近来的发展，它显示出令人鼓舞的结果。治疗性脉冲超声（TPU）就是这样一种治疗选择，并且广泛用于治疗软组织病变。因此，本研究的目的是研究使用双氯芬酸（DC）与金纳米颗粒（GNPs）连接的双氯芬酸（DC）在大鼠骨骼肌中的创音疗法作为创伤性肌肉损伤的治疗效果。Wistar大鼠分为八组（N = 10）：假手术，肌肉损伤（MI），MI + TPU，MI + DC，MI + GNP，MI + TPU + DC，MI + TPU + GNP和MI + TPU + DC-GNP。创伤是在腓肠肌中进行的，直接通过损伤压机直接造成创伤。连续5天每天用TPU对动物进行治疗，并用DC和/或GNP进行凝胶治疗。在最后一次治疗后两个小时，对动物实施安乐死，并手术切除腓肠肌进行组织学和生化分析。接受某些疗法（MI + TPU + DC，MI + TPU + GNP和MI + TPU + DC-GNPs）的组显示促炎细胞因子水平降低，而该组的抗炎细胞因子水平升高暴露于所有联合治疗（MI + TPU + DC-GNP）。对于暴露于所有测试疗法的组，其活性物种的产生和由氧化损伤引起的蛋白质损伤的产生较低。在TPU + GNPs组中也观察到较低的蛋白质损伤。与MI组相比，经历了所有测试疗法组合的组显示出抗氧化剂的显着增加。在组织学分析中，MI组显示大量细胞浸润和中心核，而MI + TPU + DC-GNPs组显示结构改善。MI + TPU + DC-GNPs组的疼痛水平低于MI组。我们认为，TPU与与GNP连接的DC的结合减少了由创伤性肌肉损伤引起的炎症，并加速了组织修复。