Abstract Efficient heating system is critical for electric vehicles to extend the driving range. In this paper, an air source heat pump system with waste heat recovery (WHR) for the electric bus was proposed to improve the heating performance. According to the experimental results of the prototype, it’s found that the pressure drop of waste heat exchanger (WHX) has great effects on the heating performance and the heat exchanger is required to be optimized. The simulation model of this series system was developed and validated to study the heating performance of the series waste heat recovery system with low pressure drop WHX. The simulation results showed that heat recovery can improve the heating performance at the ambient temperature of −5 °C. Compared with the vapor injection heat pump without WHR, the heating capacity and COP of the heat pump at 2 kW waste heat were increased by 1.61% and 1.38%, respectively. The improvements of heating capacity and COP at 6 kW waste heat were 5.12% and 2.56%, respectively. As the ambient temperature is lower than 0 °C, the heating performance of heat pump system with 2 kW waste heat is better than that of system without WHR. However, as the ambient temperature rises, the heating performance of heat pump with WHR becomes worse.

中文翻译：

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电动客车余热回收热泵制热性能研究

摘要 高效的加热系统是电动汽车延长续驶里程的关键。在本文中，提出了一种用于电动公交车的带有余热回收（WHR）的空气源热泵系统，以提高加热性能。根据样机的实验结果发现，余热换热器（WHX）的压降对加热性能影响很大，需要对换热器进行优化。开发并验证了该串联系统的仿真模型，以研究低压降WHX串联余热回收系统的加热性能。仿真结果表明，热回收可以提高-5℃环境温度下的加热性能。与没有WHR的注汽热泵相比，2kW余热时热泵的制热能力和COP分别提高了1.61%和1.38%。6 kW 余热的加热能力和 COP 的改进分别为 5.12% 和 2.56%。由于环境温度低于0℃，2kW余热热泵系统的制热性能优于无余热系统。但是，随着环境温度的升高，WHR热泵的制热性能变差。