To treat industrial suspensions efficiently using cost-effective membrane filtration technology, we report the design and efficient construction of a bilayer Al₂O₃/ZrO₂ membrane on a macroporous substrate with an optimized membrane structure and membrane material. To produce the membrane, an Al₂O₃ layer (pore size of 100 nm) was first deposited on the substrate to prevent layer penetration issues, and the thickness of the membrane was optimized using the Hagen–Poiseuille and Darcy equations to model the membrane resistance. A thickness of 6–10 μm was found to be sufficient to cover the rough ceramic substrate. Then, a ZrO₂ layer (mean pore size of 50 nm) was added to the wet Al₂O₃ layer. On the basis of the individual sintering behaviors of each layer, the Al₂O₃ and ZrO₂ layers were cosintered at an appropriate sintering rate, which significantly reduced the energy consumption and fabrication period. Membranes having a pore size of ∼50 nm achieved a higher permeance (650 L m^–2 h^–1 bar^–1) than those reported in the literature. In the treatment of kaolin suspensions, the membranes showed great potential for reducing the turbidity (by nearly 100%) of the suspensions and showed highly stable permeate flux and good regeneration performance, even at high turbidities. This work provides comprehensive research into the design and construction of cost-effective membrane materials for the industrial suspension separation process.

中文翻译：

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有效处理悬浮体系的双层Al ₂ O ₃ / ZrO ₂介孔膜的设计和有效构建

为了使用经济高效的膜过滤技术有效处理工业悬浮液，我们报告了在具有优化的膜结构和膜材料的大孔基材上设计和高效构造双层Al ₂ O ₃ / ZrO ₂膜的方法。为了生产该膜，首先将Al ₂ O ₃层（孔径为100 nm）沉积在基底上，以防止层渗透问题，并使用Hagen–Poiseuille和Darcy方程对膜的厚度进行优化，以对膜进行建模。抵抗性。发现6-10μm的厚度足以覆盖粗糙的陶瓷基板。然后，将ZrO ₂层（平均孔径为50 nm）添加到湿Al中₂ O ₃层。根据每一层的单独烧结行为，以适当的烧结速率将Al ₂ O ₃和ZrO ₂层共烧结，这大大降低了能耗和制造时间。孔径约为50 nm的膜具有更高的渗透性（650 L m ^–2 h ^–1 bar ^–1），而不是文献中报道的那些。在高岭土悬浮液的处理中，即使在高浊度下，膜也显示出降低悬浮液浊度（降低近100％）的巨大潜力，并显示出高度稳定的渗透通量和良好的再生性能。这项工作为工业悬浮液分离过程中具有成本效益的膜材料的设计和建造提供了全面的研究。