Thermoplastic cassava starch (TPS)/nanosilica (SiO₂) composite was prepared by melt mixing, and the effect of tensile action (stress) on the structures and properties of TPS/SiO₂ composite during the retrogradation stages was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated that the retrogradation enthalpy of TPS/SiO₂ composite with the tensile action was higher than that of the composite without the tensile action after short retrogradation time. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) displayed that the decomposition temperature and activation energy of thermal degradation of the composite under the tensile action were higher than those of composites without the tensile action. The contact angle and tensile strength of TPS/SiO₂ composite with the tension action became larger after the tension stress was applied during the short retrogradation time. From the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results, the stretching vibration of the hydroxyl group enhanced with the increase in retrogradation time. According to the polarized light microscopy (PLM) analysis, the composite samples showed Maltese cross-pattern, and it became blurred after the tensile stress was exerted on the samples. With the increase in retrogradation time, the inter-planner spacing decreased and crystal size of TPS/SiO₂ composite increased. The tensile action could weaken the A-type and promote the formation of the V-type crystalline structure. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the fracture surface of composite sample without the tensile action was smooth, and the granular structure of starch could not be clearly seen, however, the fracture surface of composite under the tensile action was rough, and the granular structure of starch was clear.

中文翻译：

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拉伸作用对热塑性木薯淀粉/纳米二氧化硅复合材料回生的影响

通过熔融混合制备热塑性木薯淀粉（TPS）/纳米二氧化硅（SiO ₂）复合材料，研究了回生阶段拉伸作用（应力）对TPS / SiO ₂复合材料结构和性能的影响。差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析表明，具有短时间回生时间的具有拉伸作用的TPS / SiO ₂复合材料的回生焓高于不具有拉伸作用的复合材料的回生焓。热重分析（TG）表明，复合材料在拉伸作用下的分解温度和热降解的活化能高于没有拉伸作用的复合材料。TPS / SiO ₂的接触角和拉伸强度在较短的回生时间内施加拉应力后，具有拉力作用的复合材料变得更大。从傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱学结果来看，羟基的拉伸振动随着回生时间的增加而增强。根据偏光显微镜（PLM）分析，复合样品显示马耳他十字图案，并且在样品上施加拉应力后其变得模糊。随着回生时间的增加，晶面间距减小，TPS / SiO ₂晶体尺寸减小复合增加。拉伸作用可以削弱A型并促进V型晶体结构的形成。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结果表明，没有拉伸作用的复合材料试样的断裂表面是光滑的，不能清楚地看到淀粉的颗粒结构，但是，在拉伸作用下的复合材料试样的断裂表面是粗糙的，并且淀粉的颗粒结构清晰。