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Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids.
Cell Stem Cell ( IF 19.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.007
Jorge-Miguel Faustino Martins 1 , Cornelius Fischer 2 , Alessia Urzi 1 , Ramon Vidal 2 , Severine Kunz 3 , Pierre-Louis Ruffault 4 , Loreen Kabuss 1 , Iris Hube 1 , Elisabeta Gazzerro 5 , Carmen Birchmeier 4 , Simone Spuler 5 , Sascha Sauer 2 , Mina Gouti 1
Affiliation  

Neuromuscular networks assemble during early human embryonic development and are essential for the control of body movement. Previous neuromuscular junction modeling efforts using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) generated either spinal cord neurons or skeletal muscles in monolayer culture. Here, we use hPSC-derived axial stem cells, the building blocks of the posterior body, to simultaneously generate spinal cord neurons and skeletal muscle cells that self-organize to generate human neuromuscular organoids (NMOs) that can be maintained in 3D for several months. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of individual organoids revealed reproducibility across experiments and enabled the tracking of the neural and mesodermal differentiation trajectories as organoids developed and matured. NMOs contain functional neuromuscular junctions supported by terminal Schwann cells. They contract and develop central pattern generator-like neuronal circuits. Finally, we successfully use NMOs to recapitulate key aspects of myasthenia gravis pathology, thus highlighting the significant potential of NMOs for modeling neuromuscular diseases in the future.

中文翻译:

自组织3D人躯干神经肌肉类器官。

神经肌肉网络在人类早期胚胎发育过程中组装,对于控制身体运动至关重要。先前使用人多能干细胞(hPSC)进行神经肌肉连接建模的工作是在单层培养中产生脊髓神经元或骨骼肌。在这里,我们使用hPSC衍生的轴向干细胞(后体的构建基块)同时生成自组织的脊髓神经元和骨骼肌细胞,以生成可以在3D模式下维持几个月的人类神经肌肉类器官(NMO)。 。单个类器官的单细胞RNA测序揭示了整个实验的可重复性,并且随着类器官的发展和成熟,能够追踪神经和中胚层分化的轨迹。NMO包含末端施旺细胞支持的功能性神经肌肉接头。他们收缩并发展中央模式发生器样神经元回路。最后,我们成功地使用NMO来概括重症肌无力病理学的关键方面,从而突出了NMO在未来建模神经肌肉疾病中的巨大潜力。
更新日期:2020-01-17
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