Aluminium (Al) and silicon (Si) are abundant in soils, but their availability for plant uptake is limited by low solubility. However, Al toxicity is a major problem in naturally occurring acid soils and in soils affected by acidic precipitation. When, in 1995, we reviewed this topic for the Journal of Experimental Botany, it was clear that under certain circumstances soluble Si could ameliorate the toxic effects of Al, an effect mirrored in organisms beyond the plant kingdom. In the 25 years since our review, it has become evident that the amelioration phenomenon occurs in the root apoplast, with the formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates being part of the mechanism. A much better knowledge of the molecular basis for Si and Al uptake by plants and of Al toxicity mechanisms has been developed. However, relating this work to amelioration by Si is at an early stage. It is now clear that co-deposition of Al and Si in phytoliths is a fairly common phenomenon in the plant kingdom, and this may be important in detoxification of Al. Relatively little work on Al–Si interactions in field situations has been done in the last 25 years, and this is a key area for future development.

中文翻译：

---

高等植物中的铝/硅相互作用——更新。

土壤中含有丰富的铝 (Al) 和硅 (Si)，但它们的溶解度较低，因此植物吸收的有效性受到限制。然而，铝毒性是天然酸性土壤和受酸性降水影响的土壤中的一个主要问题。1995 年，当我们在《实验植物学杂志》上评论这个主题时，很明显，在某些情况下，可溶性硅可以减轻铝的毒性作用，这种作用在植物界以外的生物体中也有体现。自我们回顾以来的 25 年里，根质外体中发生了明显的改善现象，羟基铝硅酸盐的形成是该机制的一部分。人们对植物吸收硅和铝的分子基础以及铝毒性机制有了更好的了解。然而，将这项工作与硅的改善联系起来还处于早期阶段。现在很清楚，铝和硅在植硅体中的共沉积是植物界相当普遍的现象，这对于铝的解毒可能很重要。过去 25 年中，关于现场情况下铝硅相互作用的研究相对较少，这是未来发展的关键领域。