In this article, we present a new versatile algorithm for the decomposition of the ferromagnetic signature into permanent and induced magnetization components. It can be directly implemented at existing magnetic ranges for a more robust and less error-prone calibration of degaussing systems on naval vessels. A source model is formulated for describing the signature. The model consists of two collections of magnetic dipoles, representing the permanent and induced magnetization. The induced part of the source model depends on the heading of the ship relative to the geomagnetic field. A general linear relation between the induced moment and the external magnetic field is assumed. The parameters of the model are determined by formulating and solving a regularized inverse problem using magnetic-field data from multiple passages of the ship over the sensors. Data from at least three passages with different headings are co-processed to obtain an estimate of the model parameters. The analysis uses raw data from magnetic ranges without any assumptions on the induced field. We demonstrate how to apply the algorithm with two examples. The first is a finite-element study, with a single sensor line with three-axis magnetometers, where a surface ship is modeled by a generic geometry and magnetization state. The second is a study of a real ship engine, in an indoor magnetic ranging facility with full control of all parameters. For both, field maps of the permanent and induced fields are calculated and compared to data using the resulting source model.

中文翻译：

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将铁磁信号分解为感应分量和永久分量

在本文中，我们提出了一种新的通用算法，用于将铁磁特征分解为永磁和感应磁化分量。它可以直接在现有的磁场范围内实施，以便对海军舰艇上的消磁系统进行更稳健且不易出错的校准。为描述签名制定了一个源模型。该模型由两个磁偶极子集合组成，代表永久磁化和感应磁化。源模型的感应部分取决于船舶相对于地磁场的航向。假设感应力矩和外部磁场之间存在一般线性关系。该模型的参数是通过使用来自船舶在传感器上多个通道的磁场数据制定和解决正则化逆问题来确定的。来自至少三个具有不同标题的段落的数据被协同处理以获得模型参数的估计。该分析使用来自磁场范围的原始数据，而没有对感应场进行任何假设。我们通过两个示例演示如何应用该算法。第一个是有限元研究，使用带有三轴磁力计的单个传感器线，其中水面舰艇通过通用几何形状和磁化状态建模。第二个是在完全控制所有参数的室内磁测距设施中对真实船舶发动机的研究。对彼此而言，