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Effects of flushing flows on the transport of mercury-polluted particulate matter from the Flix Reservoir to the Ebro Estuary.
Journal of Environmental Management ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110028 Albert Palanques 1 , Jorge Guillén 1 , Pere Puig 1 , Joan O Grimalt 2
Journal of Environmental Management ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110028 Albert Palanques 1 , Jorge Guillén 1 , Pere Puig 1 , Joan O Grimalt 2
Affiliation
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Polluted sediments retained in water reservoirs are potential sources of deleterious materials downstream, especially during floods or flushing flows (FFs). Their interaction with these events is important for determining potential risks and evaluating management actions. In the Ebro River, the Flix Reservoir accumulated a deposit of more than 3 × 105 t of industrial waste with high Hg concentrations. Because suspended particulate matter (SPM) is the main driver of Hg pollution downriver, this study analyses the transport of particulate matter and Hg pollution from the Flix Reservoir to the Ebro Estuary during FFs. Time series of currents, turbidity and downward particulate matter fluxes were obtained by current meters, turbidimeters and sediment traps assembled in benthic tripods. They were deployed in the reservoir and at two locations in the estuary during two recording periods that each captured a flushing flow (FF) event. In addition, SPM samples were collected during the study period at several locations along the river course, from upstream of the Flix Reservoir down to the river mouth, to measure the suspended particulate matter and associated Hg mobilized downstream. A continuous background level of Hg pollution was observed during the deployment periods, but the Hg and particulate matter fluxes increased by between one and two orders of magnitude during FFs. Though the two events reached similar water discharges, the first FF was after the wet season and generated lower particulate matter concentrations and fluxes, but higher Hg contents than the second, which occurred after the dry season. The higher available particulate matter in the second event diluted the polluted Hg particle load more than the first event. Thus, similar FFs may result in different Hg concentration and sediment transport episodes, largely depending on the previous hydrological regime and the river sediment availability. These findings should be considered for FF management.
中文翻译：
冲洗流量对汞污染颗粒物质从弗利克斯水库到埃布罗河口的运输的影响。
蓄积在水库中的污染沉积物是下游有害物质的潜在来源，尤其是在洪水或冲洗水流期间。他们与这些事件的交互对于确定潜在风险和评估管理措施很重要。在埃布罗河（Ebro River），弗利克斯水库（Flix Reservoir）堆积了3×105吨以上汞含量高的工业废物。由于悬浮颗粒物（SPM）是汞污染下游的主要驱动力，因此本研究分析了FFs中从Flix水库到埃布罗河口的颗粒物和汞污染的迁移。电流，浊度和向下的颗粒物通量的时间序列通过组装在底架三脚架中的电流计，浊度计和沉积物收集器获得。它们在两个记录期间分别部署在水库和河口的两个位置，每个记录期间都捕获了冲洗水（FF）事件。此外，在研究期间，从弗利克斯水库上游到河口沿河道的几个位置收集了SPM样品，以测量悬浮的颗粒物和相关的下游汞。在部署期间观察到连续的汞污染背景水平，但是在FFs中，汞和颗粒物通量增加了1-2个数量级。尽管两个事件的排水量相似，但第一个FF发生在雨季之后，并产生了较低的颗粒物浓度和通量，但是汞含量高于第二个发生在旱季之后的汞。与第二个事件相比，第二个事件中较高的可用颗粒物稀释了污染的汞颗粒负荷。因此，类似的FFs可能导致不同的Hg浓度和沉积物迁移事件，这在很大程度上取决于先前的水文状况和河流沉积物的可利用性。这些发现应考虑用于FF管理。
更新日期：2020-01-17
中文翻译：
冲洗流量对汞污染颗粒物质从弗利克斯水库到埃布罗河口的运输的影响。
蓄积在水库中的污染沉积物是下游有害物质的潜在来源，尤其是在洪水或冲洗水流期间。他们与这些事件的交互对于确定潜在风险和评估管理措施很重要。在埃布罗河（Ebro River），弗利克斯水库（Flix Reservoir）堆积了3×105吨以上汞含量高的工业废物。由于悬浮颗粒物（SPM）是汞污染下游的主要驱动力，因此本研究分析了FFs中从Flix水库到埃布罗河口的颗粒物和汞污染的迁移。电流，浊度和向下的颗粒物通量的时间序列通过组装在底架三脚架中的电流计，浊度计和沉积物收集器获得。它们在两个记录期间分别部署在水库和河口的两个位置，每个记录期间都捕获了冲洗水（FF）事件。此外，在研究期间，从弗利克斯水库上游到河口沿河道的几个位置收集了SPM样品，以测量悬浮的颗粒物和相关的下游汞。在部署期间观察到连续的汞污染背景水平，但是在FFs中，汞和颗粒物通量增加了1-2个数量级。尽管两个事件的排水量相似，但第一个FF发生在雨季之后，并产生了较低的颗粒物浓度和通量，但是汞含量高于第二个发生在旱季之后的汞。与第二个事件相比，第二个事件中较高的可用颗粒物稀释了污染的汞颗粒负荷。因此，类似的FFs可能导致不同的Hg浓度和沉积物迁移事件，这在很大程度上取决于先前的水文状况和河流沉积物的可利用性。这些发现应考虑用于FF管理。
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