Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by the presence of seizures and neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Despite the number of antiepileptic drugs, one-third of patients did not have their seizures under control, leading to pharmacoresistance epilepsy. Cannabis sativa has been used since ancient times in Medicine for the treatment of many diseases, including convulsive seizures. In this context, Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid present in Cannabis, has been a promising compound for treating epilepsies due to its anticonvulsant properties in animal models and humans, especially in pharmacoresistant patients. In this review, we summarize evidence of the CBD anticonvulsant activities present in a great diversity of animal models. Special attention was given to behavioral CBD effects and its translation to human epilepsies. CBD anticonvulsant effects are associated with a great variety of mechanisms of action such as endocannabinoid and calcium signaling. CBD has shown effectiveness in the clinical scenario for epilepsies, but its effects on epilepsy-related comorbidities are scarce even in basic research. More detailed and complex behavioral evaluation about CBD effects on seizures and epilepsy-related comorbidities are required.

中文翻译：

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大麻二酚在癫痫发作实验模型中的抗惊厥作用：从行为和机制到临床见解。

癫痫病是一种以癫痫发作和神经精神病合并症为特征的神经系统疾病。尽管使用了多种抗癫痫药，但仍有三分之一的患者无法控制癫痫发作，导致药物耐受性癫痫。大麻自古以来就已在医学中用于治疗许多疾病，包括惊厥性癫痫发作。在这种情况下，大麻脂存在于大麻中，是一种非精神活性植物大麻素，由于其在动物模型和人类尤其是对药物耐药性患者中具有抗惊厥作用，因此一直是治疗癫痫的有前途的化合物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了存在于多种动物模型中的CBD抗惊厥活性的证据。特别注意了行为CBD效应及其对人类癫痫的转化。CBD抗惊厥作用与多种作用机制有关，例如内源性大麻素和钙信号传导。CBD在癫痫的临床情况中已显示出有效性，但即使在基础研究中，其对癫痫相关合并症的影响也很少。需要对CBD对癫痫发作和癫痫相关合并症的影响进行更详细和复杂的行为评估。