Anti-angiogenic treatment is an important option that has changed the therapeutic landscape in various tumors, particularly in patients affected by renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Agents that block signaling pathways governing tumor angiogenesis have raised high expectations among clinicians. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs) comprise a heterogeneous class of drugs with distinct pharmacological profiles, including potency, selectivity, pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. Among them, tivozanib is one of the last TKIs introduced in the clinical practice; this drug selectively targets VEGFRs, it is characterized by a favorable pharmacokinetics and safety profile and has been approved as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC). In this article, we describe the clinical pharmacology of selected VEGFR-TKIs used for the treatment of mRCC, highlighting the relevant differences; moreover we aim to define the main pharmacologic characteristics of these drug.

中文翻译：

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用VEGFR-TKI优化治疗肾细胞癌：抗血管生成药物的临床药理学和药物相互作用的比较。

抗血管生成治疗是一种重要的选择，已改变了各种肿瘤的治疗前景，尤其是在受肾细胞癌（RCC）影响的患者中。阻断控制肿瘤血管生成的信号传导途径的药物在临床医生中引起了很高的期望。血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（VEGFR-TKIs）包括一类异类药物，具有不同的药理学特征，包括功效，选择性，药代动力学和药物相互作用。其中，替沃扎尼是临床实践中最后引入的TKI之一。该药物选择性靶向VEGFRs，具有良好的药代动力学和安全性，已被批准作为转移性RCC（mRCC）患者的一线治疗药物。在这篇文章中，我们描述了选定的用于治疗mRCC的VEGFR-TKIs的临床药理学，强调了相关差异；此外，我们旨在定义这些药物的主要药理特性。