Abstract The liquid–vapor phase change lattice Boltzmann method is used to investigate the pinning–depinning mechanism of the contact line during droplet evaporation on the stripe-patterned surfaces in 3D space. Considering the curvature of the contact line and the direction of the unbalanced Young's force, the local force balance theory near the stripe boundary is proposed to explain the steady state of the droplets on the stripe-patterned surfaces. An equation is proposed to evaluate the characteristic contact angle of the stabilized droplets. During the evaporation of the droplet, the stick-slip-jump behavior and the CCR-Mixed-CCA mode can be well captured by the lattice Boltzmann simulation. When the contact line is pinned to the stripe boundary, the contact line in the direction perpendicular to the stripes is slowly moving while the curvature of the contact line is gradually increasing. The gradually increasing curvature of the contact line accelerates the movement of the contact line, and the final contact line is detached from the stripe boundary. The research results provide theoretical support and guidance for the design, improvement and application of patterned surfaces in the field of micro-fluidic and evaporation heat transfer.

中文翻译：

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图案表面液滴蒸发的 3D 格子 Boltzmann 模拟：钉扎-脱钉机制研究

摘要 采用液-汽相变晶格玻尔兹曼方法研究了3D空间条纹图案表面液滴蒸发过程中接触线的钉扎-脱钉机制。考虑到接触线的曲率和不平衡杨氏力的方向，提出了条纹边界附近的局部力平衡理论来解释条纹图案表面上液滴的稳态。提出了一个方程来评估稳定液滴的特征接触角。在液滴蒸发过程中，格子玻尔兹曼模拟可以很好地捕获粘滑跳跃行为和 CCR-Mixed-CCA 模式。当接触线固定到条纹边界时，垂直于条纹方向的接触线缓慢移动，而接触线的曲率逐渐增加。接触线逐渐增大的曲率加速了接触线的运动，最终接触线脱离了条纹边界。研究成果为图案化表面的设计、改进和在微流控与蒸发传热领域的应用提供了理论支持和指导。