A purple cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) extract (CP) was encapsulated in double emulsions (DE) gelled with gelatin (DE-CP-G) and with gelatin and transglutaminase (DE-CP-GT), as well as in a DE with a liquid external aqueous phase (DE-CP), in order to study the retention of betanin as colorant agent. Both gelled DEs showed a predominantly elastic behavior, in contrast with DE-CP. The degradation rate constant of betanin was significantly higher in DE-CP-GT (90.2 x 10-3 days-1) than in DE-CP-G (11.0 x 10-3 days-1) and DE-CP (14.6 x 10-3 days-1) during cold-storage (4 °C). A shift towards yellow color was found in all the systems during cold-storage (4 °C) and after thermal treatment (70°C/30 min), especially in DE-CP-GT, denoting a higher degradation of betanin. Betalamic acid, cyclo-Dopa 5-O-β-glucoside, 17-decarboxy-betanin and neobetanin were identified by UHPLC-MS/MS as degradation products of betanin.

中文翻译：

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胶凝作用对紫色仙人掌梨提取物在微囊化双乳剂中保留的影响。

将紫色仙人掌梨（Opuntia ficus-indica）提取物（CP）封装在用明胶（DE-CP-G）和明胶和转谷氨酰胺酶（DE-CP-GT）凝胶化的双乳剂（DE）中，以及DE与液体外部水相（DE-CP）结合使用，以研究甜菜碱作为着色剂的保留能力。与DE-CP相反，两种凝胶化的DE均显示出主要的弹性行为。在DE-CP-GT（90.2 x 10-3 days-1）中，甜菜碱的降解速率常数显着高于DE-CP-G（11.0 x 10-3 days-1）和DE-CP（14.6 x 10） -3天-1）在冷藏（4°C）期间。在冷藏（4°C）和热处理（70°C / 30分钟）后的所有系统中，特别是在DE-CP-GT中，发现所有系统都向黄色转变，表明甜菜碱的降解程度更高。Betalamic acid，环多巴5-O-β-葡萄糖苷，