Blood vessels are lined by endothelial cells engaged in distinct organ-specific functions but little is known about their characteristic gene expression profiles. RNA-Sequencing of the brain, lung, and heart endothelial translatome identified specific pathways, transporters and cell-surface markers expressed in the endothelium of each organ, which can be visualized at http://www.rehmanlab.org/ribo. We found that endothelial cells express genes typically found in the surrounding tissues such as synaptic vesicle genes in the brain endothelium and cardiac contractile genes in the heart endothelium. Complementary analysis of endothelial single cell RNA-Seq data identified the molecular signature shared across the endothelial translatome and single cell transcriptomes. The tissue-specific heterogeneity of the endothelium is maintained during systemic in vivo inflammatory injury as evidenced by the distinct responses to inflammatory stimulation. Our study defines endothelial heterogeneity and plasticity and provides a molecular framework to understand organ-specific vascular disease mechanisms and therapeutic targeting of individual vascular beds.

中文翻译：

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稳态和炎症过程中不同血管床的内皮异质性

血管内衬有参与不同器官特异性功能的内皮细胞，但对其特征性基因表达谱知之甚少。脑，肺和心脏内皮翻译组的RNA测序鉴定了在每个器官的内皮中表达的特定途径，转运蛋白和细胞表面标记，可以在http://www.rehmanlab.org/ribo上看到。我们发现内皮细胞表达通常在周围组织中发现的基因，例如脑内皮中的突触小泡基因和心脏内皮中的心脏收缩基因。内皮单细胞RNA-Seq数据的补充分析确定了跨内皮翻译组和单细胞转录组共享的分子标记。在全身性过程中维持内皮的组织特异性异质性如对炎症刺激的独特反应所证明的，体内炎症损伤。我们的研究定义了内皮异质性和可塑性，并提供了一个分子框架来了解器官特异性血管疾病的机制和单个血管床的治疗目标。