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Metastable HIV-1 Surface Protein Env Sensitizes Cell Membranes to Transformation and Poration by Dual-Acting Virucidal Entry Inhibitors.
Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b01008
Charles G Ang 1, 2 , Md Alamgir Hossain 1 , Marg Rajpara 1 , Harry Bach 1, 2 , Kriti Acharya 1 , Alexej Dick 1 , Adel A Rashad 1 , Michele Kutzler 3 , Cameron F Abrams 4 , Irwin Chaiken 1
Affiliation  

Dual-acting virucidal entry inhibitors (DAVEIs) have previously been shown to cause irreversible inactivation of HIV-1 Env-presenting pseudovirus by lytic membrane transformation. This study examined whether this transformation could be generalized to include membranes of Env-presenting cells. Flow cytometry was used to analyze HEK293T cells transiently transfected with increasing amounts of DNA encoding JRFL Env, loaded with calcein dye, and treated with serial dilutions of microvirin (Q831K/M83R)-DAVEI. Comparing calcein retention against intact Env expression (via Ab 35O22) on individual cells revealed effects proportional to Env expression. "Low-Env" cells experienced transient poration and calcein leakage, while "high-Env" cells were killed. The cell-killing effect was confirmed with an independent mitochondrial activity-based cell viability assay, showing dose-dependent cytotoxicity in response to DAVEI treatment. Transfection with increasing quantities of Env DNA showed further shifts toward "High-Env" expression and cytotoxicity, further reinforcing the Env dependence of the observed effect. Controls with unlinked DAVEI components showed no effect on calcein leakage or cell viability, confirming a requirement for covalently linked DAVEI compounds to achieve Env transformation. These data demonstrate that the metastability of Env is an intrinsic property of the transmembrane protein complex and can be perturbed to cause membrane disruption in both virus and cell contexts.

中文翻译:


亚稳态 HIV-1 表面蛋白 Env 通过双重作用杀病毒进入抑制剂使细胞膜对转化和孔化敏感。



双重作用病毒进入抑制剂 (DAVEIs) 先前已被证明可通过裂解膜转化导致 HIV-1 Env 呈递假病毒不可逆失活。这项研究检验了这种转化是否可以推广到包括环境呈递细胞的膜。使用流式细胞术分析用逐渐增加的编码 JRFL Env 的 DNA 瞬时转染、加载钙黄绿素染料并用 microvirin (Q831K/M83R)-DAVEI 连续稀释液处理的 HEK293T 细胞。将单个细胞上的钙黄绿素保留与完整 Env 表达(通过 Ab 35O22)进行比较,揭示了与 Env 表达成比例的影响。 “低环境值”细胞经历短暂的穿孔和钙黄绿素渗漏,而“高环境值”细胞被杀死。通过独立的基于线粒体活性的细胞活力测定证实了细胞杀伤作用,显示出 DAVEI 治疗反应的剂量依赖性细胞毒性。用越来越多的 Env DNA 转染显示出进一步向“高 Env”表达和细胞毒性转变,进一步增强了所观察到的效果的 Env 依赖性。具有未连接的 DAVEI 成分的对照显示对钙黄绿素渗漏或细胞活力没有影响,证实需要共价连接的 DAVEI 化合物来实现 Env 转化。这些数据表明,Env 的亚稳定性是跨膜蛋白复合物的固有特性,并且可以受到干扰而导致病毒和细胞环境中的膜破裂。
更新日期:2020-01-29
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