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Facilitation of microglial motility by thyroid hormones requires the presence of neurons in cell culture: A distinctive feature of the brainstem versus the cortex.
Brain Research Bulletin ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.01.010
Jean-Philippe Rousseau 1 , Mami Noda 2 , Richard Kinkead 1
Affiliation  

Microglia are critical for the refinement of neural networks that takes place during the perinatal period. Their phenotype and actions are guided by the signals produced by neighbouring cells and hormones present in their surrounding milieu. Cell populations and the signals they produce differ between regions. The fact that thyroid hormones (THs) promote the growth and morphological differentiation of microglia within the cortex contributes to the TH's powerful actions on the developing brain. The brainstem is especially active during early life owing to its role in generation of the rhythmic respiratory motor command. Despite evidences indicating that THs are necessary to proper development of the neural networks regulating this vital homeostatic function, their actions on microglia originating from the brainstem remain unknown. Using primary cultured microglia from newborn mice (C57BL/6J), we first report that regulation of microglial motility by THs is different between cortex and brainstem. Microglial motility (μm traveled over 3 h) was monitored with or without triiodothyronine (T3, 1μM). Exposure to T3 did not stimulate microglial motility from brainstem, but significantly stimulated (316 %) when they were co-cultured with neurons. Motility of cortex microglia was stimulated to the similar extent either with or without neurons. These data suggest that the microglial function in different regions of the brain is determined by the surrounding environment.

中文翻译:

甲状腺激素促进小胶质细胞运动需要细胞培养物中存在神经元:脑干与皮质的显着特征。

小胶质细胞对于完善围产期发生的神经网络至关重要。它们的表型和行为受相邻细胞产生的信号和周围环境中存在的激素的指导。细胞群及其产生的信号因地区而异。甲状腺激素 (THs) 促进皮层内小胶质细胞的生长和形态分化这一事实有助于 TH 对发育中的大脑发挥强大作用。由于其在产生有节奏的呼吸运动命令中的作用,脑干在生命早期特别活跃。尽管有证据表明 THs 对于调节这种重要稳态功能的神经网络的正常发育是必要的,但它们对源自脑干的小胶质细胞的作用仍然未知。使用来自新生小鼠 (C57BL/6J) 的原代培养的小胶质细胞,我们首先报告了 THs 对小胶质细胞运动的调节在皮层和脑干之间是不同的。使用或不使用三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3,1μM)监测小胶质细胞运动(μm 移动超过 3 小时)。暴露于 T3 不会刺激脑干的小胶质细胞运动,但当它们与神经元共培养时显着刺激 (316 %)。皮质小胶质细胞的运动性在有或没有神经元的情况下被刺激到相似的程度。这些数据表明,大脑不同区域的小胶质细胞功能是由周围环境决定的。使用或不使用三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3,1μM)监测小胶质细胞运动(μm 移动超过 3 小时)。暴露于 T3 不会刺激脑干的小胶质细胞运动,但当它们与神经元共培养时显着刺激 (316 %)。皮质小胶质细胞的运动性在有或没有神经元的情况下被刺激到相似的程度。这些数据表明,大脑不同区域的小胶质细胞功能是由周围环境决定的。使用或不使用三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3,1μM)监测小胶质细胞运动(μm 移动超过 3 小时)。暴露于 T3 不会刺激脑干的小胶质细胞运动,但当它们与神经元共培养时显着刺激 (316 %)。皮质小胶质细胞的运动性在有或没有神经元的情况下被刺激到相似的程度。这些数据表明,大脑不同区域的小胶质细胞功能是由周围环境决定的。
更新日期:2020-01-16
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