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Metabolic memory and diabetic nephropathy: Beneficial effects of natural epigenetic modifiers.
Biochimie ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.01.007
Kriti Kushwaha 1 , Sandeep Sharma 2 , Jeena Gupta 1
Affiliation  

Nephropathy is one of the most frequent complications of chronic diabetes. The main reason for nephropathy despite being hyperglycemia, but it progresses even after good glycemic control has been achieved in diabetic patients. The effects of prior exposure to high blood glucose conditions depend upon the severity and duration of this exposure, indicating a "metabolic memory" phenomenon. Hyperglycemia not only increases oxidative stress but is also alleged to start several biochemical anomalies and alter gene expression associated with metabolic homeostasis. High glucose levels induce epigenetic modifications that alter gene expression without changing DNA sequences. These epigenetic modifications have shown to be reversible and have the potential to cease adverse effects if good glycemic control is achieved from initiation of diabetes. However, if good glycemic control is not achieved for months, these modifications stand firm to reversals. Therapies and drugs have been in use to prevent epigenetic modifications and oxidative stress, which also helped in ameliorating diabetic nephropathy. But these synthetic drugs are loaded with side effects like increased body weight, kidney dysfunction etc. So phytochemicals are emerging as alternatives and many of them have already been used to treat nephropathy. But still, there is rigorous need to evaluate phytochemicals which can regulate epigenetic events and have the potential to decelerate the further progression of these life-threatening diseases. In this review article we discuss the potential epigenetic modifiers from plants that can erase metabolic memory and can thus be protective against diabetic nephropathy.

中文翻译:

代谢记忆和糖尿病性肾病:天然表观遗传修饰剂的有益作用。

肾病是慢性糖尿病最常见的并发症之一。尽管是高血糖症,但仍是肾病的主要原因,但即使在糖尿病患者中实现了良好的血糖控制后,肾病仍在发展。先前暴露于高血糖状况的影响取决于这种暴露的严重程度和持续时间,表明存在“代谢记忆”现象。高血糖症不仅会增加氧化应激,而且据称还会引发一些生化异常并改变与代谢稳态相关的基因表达。高葡萄糖水平会诱导表观遗传修饰,从而改变基因表达而不改变DNA序列。这些表观遗传修饰已显示是可逆的,并且如果从糖尿病发作开始实现了良好的血糖控制,则有可能终止不良反应。但是,如果几个月未达到良好的血糖控制,则这些改变可以逆转。已经使用疗法和药物来防止表观遗传修饰和氧化应激,这也有助于减轻糖尿病性肾病。但是这些合成药物具有诸如增加体重,肾脏功能障碍等副作用。因此,植物化学药物正在逐渐成为替代品,其中许多已被用于治疗肾病。但是,仍然迫切需要评估能够调节表观遗传事件并有可能减缓这些威胁生命的疾病进一步发展的植物化学物质。在这篇综述文章中,我们讨论了来自植物的潜在表观遗传修饰剂,它们可以消除代谢记忆,从而可以预防糖尿病性肾病。如果数月未达到良好的血糖控制,则这些修改可以逆转。已经使用疗法和药物来防止表观遗传修饰和氧化应激,这也有助于减轻糖尿病性肾病。但是这些合成药物具有诸如增加体重,肾脏功能障碍等副作用。因此,植物化学药物正在逐渐成为替代品,其中许多已被用于治疗肾病。但是,仍然迫切需要评估能够调节表观遗传事件并有可能减缓这些威胁生命的疾病进一步发展的植物化学物质。在这篇综述文章中,我们讨论了来自植物的潜在表观遗传修饰剂,它们可以消除代谢记忆,从而可以预防糖尿病性肾病。如果数月未达到良好的血糖控制,则这些修改可以逆转。已经使用疗法和药物来防止表观遗传修饰和氧化应激,这也有助于减轻糖尿病性肾病。但是这些合成药物具有诸如增加体重,肾脏功能障碍等副作用。因此,植物化学药物正在逐渐成为替代品,其中许多已被用于治疗肾病。但是,仍然迫切需要评估能够调节表观遗传事件并有可能减缓这些威胁生命的疾病进一步发展的植物化学物质。在这篇综述文章中,我们讨论了来自植物的潜在表观遗传修饰剂,它们可以消除代谢记忆,从而可以预防糖尿病性肾病。
更新日期:2020-01-16
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