This study examines the effects of electricity consumption, financial development, economic growth, trade and ICT on CO2 emissions in the fast-emerging countries, excluding Russia due to the unavailability of data. Cross-sectional dependency was identified using the Pesaran (2004) and Breusch and Pagan CD tests from Breusch and Pagan (1980) using annual data from 1993 to 2014 based on data availability. The second-generation panel unit root test was applied to investigate the integration order of the series. The long-run relationship among the variables was confirmed using second-generation panel cointegration techniques, which take cross-sectional dependency into account. Additionally, this study utilized the FMOLS, DOLS and robust least square estimators to determine the long-run coefficients. The results suggested that electricity usage and financial development have a positive and significant impact, while economic growth and trade have a negative and significant impact on CO2 emissions. Additionally, an inverted U-shaped relationship between ICT and CO2 emission was confirmed. This implies that pollution declines after attaining a threshold point as the ICT usage increases. Furthermore, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) heterogeneous panel causality test suggested that there is a unidirectional causal relationship between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions, CO2 emissions and ICT, gross domestic product and CO2 emissions. Another unidirectional causality exists between financial development and CO2 emissions. The study suggests that renewable energy sources can be adopted to decrease carbon emissions and to promote clean energy. Financial development needs to be further strengthened to promote the use of eco-friendly ICT products.

中文翻译：

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ICT是否会减少新兴经济体的二氧化碳排放量？异构面板估计的应用。

这项研究研究了快速消费国（由于数据不足而导致的俄罗斯除外）中的电力消耗，金融发展，经济增长，贸易和信息通信技术对二氧化碳排放的影响。使用Pesaran（2004）以及Breusch和Pagan（1980）的Breusch和Pagan CD测试，根据数据可用性，使用1993年至2014年的年度数据，确定横断面依赖性。第二代面板单元根检验用于研究该系列的整合顺序。变量之间的长期关系已使用第二代面板协整技术加以确认，该技术考虑了横截面相关性。此外，这项研究利用FMOLS，DOLS和鲁棒最小二乘估计器确定长期系数。结果表明，用电量和金融发展具有积极而显着的影响，而经济增长和贸易对二氧化碳排放则具有消极和显着的影响。此外，还确认了ICT与CO2排放之间呈倒U型关系。这意味着在达到阈值点后，随着ICT使用量的增加，污染程度将降低。此外，Dumitrescu和Hurlin（2012）的异质面板因果关系测试表明，电力消耗与CO2排放，CO2排放与ICT，国内生产总值和CO2排放之间存在单向因果关系。金融发展与二氧化碳排放之间存在另一种单向因果关系。该研究表明，可采用可再生能源来减少碳排放并促进清洁能源。