The degradation of land by trace metals contamination around coal mining areas is a serious environmental issue, and therefore, it is necessary to have detailed information about the pollution caused by them and their sources. The objective of the work was to study the impact of trace metals (e.g., Cd, Co, Ni, Cr, Zn, Pb, and Cu) on the soil of Jharia coalfield to analyze their sources, contamination level, and their spatial distribution. The present values of the trace metals were compared by their natural background values which were then analyzed on the scale of the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) and by Improved Nemerow Index (Lnm). The results of spatial distribution revealed that the majority of the soil in Jharia coalfield is moderately contaminated, a small portion of it is slightly contaminated, and altogether at moderate ecological risk due to trace metals. Multivariate statistical techniques including Principal component analysis, Cluster analysis, and Pearson's correlation evaluated that Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, and Cr in the soil samples had the same source which is coal mining; Pb and Cd were from multiple sources. The spatial distribution maps of trace metals present in the soil of Jharia coalfield were generated using Radial basis function an interpolation method.

中文翻译：

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煤矿土壤周围微量金属的污染评估，空间分布和源分配：以印度东部为例。

煤矿区周围的微量金属污染土地退化是一个严重的环境问题，因此，有必要详细了解由其造成的污染及其来源。这项工作的目的是研究微量金属（例如Cd，Co，Ni，Cr，Zn，Pb和Cu）对Jharia煤田土壤的影响，以分析其来源，污染水平及其空间分布。将痕量金属的当前值与它们的自然本底值进行比较，然后根据潜在的生态风险指数（PERI）和改进的Nemerow指数（Lnm）对其进行分析。空间分布的结果表明，贾里亚（Jharia）煤田的大部分土壤受到中等污染，其中一小部分受到轻微污染，以及由于微量金属而总体处于中等生态风险。主成分分析，聚类分析和皮尔森相关性等多元统计技术评估了土壤样品中的铜，镍，锌，钴和铬与采煤的来源相同。铅和镉有多种来源。利用径向基函数插值法生成了贾哈里亚煤田土壤中微量金属的空间分布图。