Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world and possesses a wide range of beneficial effects for human health. The modulation of tea on gut microbiota has gained much interest in recent years. The present study discussed the modulation effect of various types of tea on gut microbiota, which plays crucial roles in human health, as investigated by in vitro animal and human studies. The currently available findings from a total of 23 studies support the modulation effects of tea liquid, tea extract, and its major active components, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, and teasaponin, on gut microbiota. Overall, tea possesses prebiotic-like effect and can alleviate the gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet in gut microbiota, despite the detailed bacterial taxa may alter depending on the types of tea supplemented. Current evidence implies that the modulation effect on gut microbiota may be an important action mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of tea consumption in daily life and also the great potential of strategically chosen tea extract to develop functional foods.

中文翻译：

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饮茶对肠道菌群的调节作用。

茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一，对人体健康具有广泛的有益作用。近年来，茶对肠道菌群的调节引起了人们的极大兴趣。本研究讨论了各种类型的茶对肠道菌群的调节作用，这在人类健康中起着至关重要的作用，已通过体外动物和人类研究进行了调查。总共23项研究的当前可用结果支持茶液，茶提取物及其主要活性成分（包括多酚，多糖和茶皂素）对肠道菌群的调节作用。总体而言，茶具有类似益生元的作用，并且可以减轻肠道微生物群中高脂饮食引起的肠道微生物群营养不良，尽管详细的细菌分类可能会根据所补充茶的种类而改变。