This review summarises recent progress in understanding crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) systems and the integration of internal and external stimuli to maximise water-use efficiency. Complex CAM traits have been reduced to their minimum and captured as computational models, which can now be refined using recently available data from transgenic manipulations and large-scale omics studies. We identify three key areas in which an appropriate choice of modelling tool could help capture relevant comparative molecular data to address the evolutionary drivers and plasticity of CAM. One focus is to identify the environmental and internal signals that drive inverse stomatal opening at night. Secondly, it is important to identify the regulatory processes required to orchestrate the diel pattern of carbon fluxes within mesophyll layers. Finally, the limitations imposed by contrasting succulent systems and associated hydraulic conductance components should be compared in the context of water-use and evolutionary strategies. While network analysis of transcriptomic data can provide insights via co-expression modules and hubs, alternative forms of computational modelling should be used iteratively to define the physiological significance of key components and informing targeted functional gene manipulation studies. We conclude that the resultant improvements of bottom-up, mechanistic modelling systems can enhance progress towards capturing the physiological controls for phylogenetically diverse CAM systems in the face of the recent surge of information in this omics era.

中文翻译：

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促进颅骨酸代谢系统整合的模型方法。

这篇综述总结了了解颅甲素酸代谢（CAM）系统以及整合内部和外部刺激以最大程度提高用水效率的最新进展。复杂的CAM特性已降至最低，并已捕获为计算模型，现在可以使用转基因操作和大规模组学研究中的最新数据加以完善。我们确定在建模工具的适当选择可以帮助捕捉相关的比较分子数据处理的进化驱动器和CAM的可塑性三个关键领域。重点之一是识别导致夜间气孔反向开放的环境和内部信号。其次，重要的是确定调节叶肉层内碳通量的迪尔图案所需的调节过程。最后，在水的使用和进化策略的背景下，应比较由多汁的肉质系统和相关的水力传导成分所施加的限制。虽然转录组数据的网络分析可以通过共表达模块和集线器提供见解，但应迭代使用替代形式的计算模型来定义关键成分的生理意义并告知目标功能基因操纵研究。我们得出结论，面对这个组学时代最近的信息激增，自下而上的机械建模系统的改进可以增强捕获系统发育多样性CAM系统的生理控制的进展。