In conditionally automated driving, drivers have difficulty in takeover transitions as they become increasingly decoupled from the operational level of driving. Factors influencing takeover performance, such as takeover lead time and the engagement of non-driving related tasks, have been studied in the past. However, despite the important role emotions play in human-machine interaction and in manual driving, little is known about how emotions influence drivers takeover performance. This study, therefore, examined the effects of emotional valence and arousal on drivers takeover timeliness and quality in conditionally automated driving. We conducted a driving simulation experiment with 32 participants. Movie clips were played for emotion induction. Participants with different levels of emotional valence and arousal were required to take over control from automated driving, and their takeover time and quality were analyzed. Results indicate that positive valence led to better takeover quality in the form of a smaller maximum resulting acceleration and a smaller maximum resulting jerk. However, high arousal did not yield an advantage in takeover time. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how emotional valence and arousal affect takeover performance. The benefits of positive emotions carry over from manual driving to conditionally automated driving while the benefits of arousal do not.

中文翻译：

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检查情绪效价和唤醒对有条件自动驾驶中接管性能的影响

在有条件的自动驾驶中，由于驾驶员与驾驶的操作水平越来越脱钩，因此他们难以进行接管转换。过去曾研究过影响接管绩效的因素，例如接管提前期和非驾驶相关任务的参与。然而，尽管情绪在人机交互和手动驾驶中发挥着重要作用，但人们对情绪如何影响驾驶员的接管表现知之甚少。因此，本研究考察了情绪效价和唤醒对有条件自动驾驶中驾驶员接管及时性和质量的影响。我们对 32 名参与者进行了驾驶模拟实验。播放电影剪辑以进行情感诱导。要求具有不同情绪效价和唤醒水平的参与者从自动驾驶中接管控制，并分析他们的接管时间和质量。结果表明，正价导致更好的接管质量，形式为较小的最大加速度和较小的最大加速度。然而，高唤醒并没有在接管时间上产生优势。本研究通过展示情绪效价和唤醒如何影响收购绩效来为文献做出贡献。积极情绪的好处从手动驾驶延续到有条件的自动驾驶，而唤醒的好处则不然。结果表明，正价导致更好的接管质量，形式为较小的最大加速度和较小的最大加速度。然而，高唤醒并没有在接管时间上产生优势。本研究通过展示情绪效价和唤醒如何影响收购绩效来为文献做出贡献。积极情绪的好处从手动驾驶延续到有条件的自动驾驶，而唤醒的好处则不然。结果表明，正价导致更好的接管质量，形式为较小的最大加速度和较小的最大加速度。然而，高唤醒并没有在接管时间上产生优势。本研究通过展示情绪效价和唤醒如何影响收购绩效来为文献做出贡献。积极情绪的好处从手动驾驶延续到有条件的自动驾驶，而唤醒的好处则不然。