PURPOSE To assess visual and refractive outcomes and recurrence rates of subepithelial infiltrates after corneal surface ablation with mitomycin C (MMC) 0.02% for the treatment of chronic corneal scars following epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and to compare these results with a control group receiving only medical treatment. METHODS This was a retrospective case series enrolling patients with central corneal scars following epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Patients were divided into two groups: (1) control with clinical follow-up and refractive correction with glasses or rigid gas-permeable contact lenses when necessary and (2) transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) with MMC 0.02%, combined with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in selected cases (treatment group). Signs and symptoms, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) in logMAR units, manifest and cycloplegic refraction, and depth of the corneal opacities were assessed. RESULTS Thirty-five eyes of 27 patients (11 men [40.7%] and 16 women [59.3%]) were enrolled, with a mean follow-up of 54.4 ± 19.7 and 27.5 ± 22.8 months in the control and treatment groups, respectively. Mean improvement in CDVA was 0.13 ± 0.17 logMAR (P = .007) in the control group and 0.29 ± 0.24 logMAR (P = .001) in the treatment group. Intergroup comparison showed a greater improvement in the treatment group (P = .041). Mean hyperopic shift induced in the treatment group was +0.46 ± 1.20 diopters. The recurrence rate of subepithelial infiltrates was 77.7% in the control group and 11.7% in the treatment group throughout the follow-up (54.4 ± 19.7 and 27.5 ± 22.8 months, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Corneal surface ablation with MMC 0.02% was efficient in treating corneal scars following adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, with greater visual improvement in comparison to clinical treatment and a decreased rate of infiltrate recurrence. [J Refract Surg. 2020;36(1):55-61.].

中文翻译：

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经丝裂霉素C上皮表面消融治疗腺病毒性角膜结膜炎后的慢性中央性角膜瘢痕。

目的评估0.02％的丝裂霉素C（MMC）消融角膜表面消融后角膜表面浸润的视觉和屈光结局以及复发率，以治疗流行性角结膜炎后的慢性角膜瘢痕，并将这些结果与仅接受药物治疗的对照组进行比较。方法这是一个回顾性病例系列，纳入了流行性角膜结膜炎后中央角膜瘢痕患者。患者分为两组：（1）临床随访对照，必要时使用眼镜或硬性透气性隐形眼镜矫正屈光，（2）MMC 0.02％的经上皮光疗性角膜切除术（PTK）联合光性屈光性角膜切除术（ PRK）在某些情况下（治疗组）。体征和症状，评估以logMAR为单位的矫正距离视力（CDVA），明显和睫状肌麻痹验光以及角膜混浊的深度。结果纳入27例患者的35眼（男11例[40.7％]和16例[59.3％]），对照组和治疗组的平均随访时间分别为54.4±19.7和27.5±22.8个月。对照组中CDVA的平均改善为0.13±0.17 logMAR（P = .007），治疗组为0.29±0.24 logMAR（P = .001）。组间比较显示治疗组有更大的改善（P = .041）。在治疗组中引起的平均远视移位为+ 0.46±1.20屈光度。在整个随访期间（分别为54.4±19.7和27.5±22.8个月），对照组中上皮下浸润的复发率为77.7％，治疗组为11.7％。结论0.02％MMC消融角膜表面可有效治疗腺病毒流行性角结膜炎后的角膜瘢痕，与临床治疗相比，视觉改善更大，浸润复发率降低。[J Refract Surg。2020; 36（1）：55-61。]。