BACKGROUND Deltamethrin 62.5 polymer-enhanced suspension concentrate (SC-PE) is one of the World Health Organization-approved insecticides for indoor residual spraying and was recommended to evaluate its residual activity for determination of appropriate spray cycles in different eco-epidemiologic settings. In the current study, efficacy of deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE was evaluated against vectors of malaria and its impact on malaria incidence in a Plasmodium falciparum hyper-endemic area in Koraput district, Odisha State, India. METHODS The trial had two comparable arms, arm 1 with residual spraying of deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE and arm 2 with deltamethrin 2.5% WP (positive control). Comparative assessment of the impact of each intervention arm on entomological (density, parity, infection and human blood index), epidemiological (malaria incidence) parameters, residual efficacy and adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS Both the arms were comparable in terms of entomological and epidemiological parameters. While, deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE was found to be effective for 150 days in mud and wood surfaces and 157 days in cement surfaces; deltamethrin 2.5% was effective only for 105 days on mud surfaces and 113 days on cement and wood surfaces. CONCLUSIONS Deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE had prolonged killing effectiveness up to 5 months. Hence, one round of IRS with deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE would be sufficient to cover two existing malaria peak transmission seasons (July-August and October-November) in many parts of India.

中文翻译：

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印度溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 持久室内滞留喷洒对疟疾病媒的评估。


背景 溴氰菊酯 62.5 聚合物增强悬浮剂（SC-PE）是世界卫生组织批准用于室内滞留喷洒的杀虫剂之一，建议评估其残留活性，以确定不同生态流行病学环境中适当的喷洒周期。在当前的研究中，评估了溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 对疟疾媒介的功效及其对印度奥里萨邦科拉普特地区恶性疟原虫高流行区疟疾发病率的影响。方法 该试验有两个可比较的组，第 1 组采用溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 滞留喷洒，第 2 组采用溴氰菊酯 2.5% WP（阳性对照）。比较评估每个干预组对昆虫学（密度、胎次、感染和人体血液指数）、流行病学（疟疾发病率）参数、残留疗效和不良反应的影响。结果 两组在昆虫学和流行病学参数方面具有可比性。而溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 在泥土和木材表面的有效期为 150 天，在水泥表面的有效期为 157 天； 2.5%的溴氰菊酯在泥浆表面仅有效105天，在水泥和木材表面仅有效113天。结论 溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 的杀灭效果可延长长达 5 个月。因此，一轮使用溴氰菊酯 62.5 SC-PE 的 IRS 足以覆盖印度许多地区现有的两个疟疾传播高峰季节（7 月至 8 月和 10 月至 11 月）。