In Brassica napus, pod number and pod density are critical factors to determine seed yield. Although the pod density is an essential yield trait, the regulation of yield formation in oil crops, as well as the genetic and molecular mechanisms, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a rapeseed high-density pod mutant (dpt247) from composite hybridization. To shed some light on the nature of this mutation, it was investigated morphologically, anatomically, physiologically, genetically and transcriptomically. The mutant plant showed noticeable phenotypic differences in comparison with the control plant, including reduced plant height and primary branch length, decreased number of primary branches, significantly increased number of pod on the main inflorescence, and more compact pod distribution. Besides, the mutant had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The dense pod trait was controlled by two major recessive genes identified in the segregating genetic populations of GRE501 and dpt247. RNA sequencing indicated genes participated in auxin, cytokinin and WUS/CLV signalling pathway in dpt247 were more active in the mutant. These results provide important information for understanding the regulation of yield formation and high yield breeding in rapeseed.

中文翻译：

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甘蓝型油菜隐性高密度豆荚突变体资源

在欧洲油菜中，豆荚数和豆荚密度是决定种子产量的关键因素。尽管豆荚密度是一个重要的产量性状，但对油料作物产量形成的调控以及遗传和分子机制却知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们从复合杂交中表征了油菜籽高密度豆荚突变体（dpt247）。为了阐明这种突变的性质，我们对其进行了形态学、解剖学、生理学、遗传学和转录组学研究。与对照植物相比，突变株表现出明显的表型差异，包括株高和初级分枝长度降低，初级分枝数量减少，主花序上的荚数显着增加，荚分布更紧凑。除了，该突变体在茎尖分生组织 (SAM) 中具有更高水平的吲哚-3-乙酸 (IAA) 和玉米素核苷 (ZR)。密集的豆荚性状由在分离遗传群体 GRE501 和 dpt247 中鉴定的两个主要隐性基因控制。RNA测序表明dpt247中参与生长素、细胞分裂素和WUS/CLV信号通路的基因在突变体中更为活跃。这些结果为理解油菜籽产量形成和高产育种的调控提供了重要信息。dpt247 中的细胞分裂素和 WUS/CLV 信号通路在突变体中更活跃。这些结果为理解油菜籽产量形成和高产育种的调控提供了重要信息。dpt247 中的细胞分裂素和 WUS/CLV 信号通路在突变体中更活跃。这些结果为理解油菜籽产量形成和高产育种的调控提供了重要信息。