AIMS To examine potential associations between the glycaemic index (GI), glycaemic load (GL), and carbohydrates and the incidence risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the effect modification of obesity among Korean adults aged ≥40 years. METHOD Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2D were estimated in 8310 participants using a modified Poisson regression model. Dietary indices were averaged using repeated dietary assessments during follow-up. RESULT After adjusting for potential confounders, a positive association between GI and T2D was found among women (IRR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.06-2.51 in the highest tertile (T3) vs. the lowest tertile (T1) for GI, p trend = 0.0310), but not for GL and carbohydrate intake. This positive association with GI was stronger in obese women (IRR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.15-3.19 in T3 vs. T1, p trend = 0.0137 for body mass index ≥23 kg/m2; IRR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.01-5.48, p trend = 0.0350 for waist circumference (WC) ≥ 85 cm). In men, there was no association before stratification by obesity, but IRRs of GI (T3 vs. T1) were significant and stronger with increased WCs (IRR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.02-4.98, p trend = 0.0439 for WC ≥ 90 cm). CONCLUSION GI may be positively associated with the incidence of T2D in women, particularly in obese women. The association of GI with T2D incidence risk may also be positive even in men with high WC.

中文翻译：

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≥40岁成年人的饮食血糖指数，血糖负荷和总碳水化合物与2型糖尿病发生率的关系：多农村社区队列（MRCohort）。

目的探讨年龄在40岁以上的韩国成年人中，血糖指数（GI），血糖负荷（GL）和碳水化合物与2型糖尿病（T2D）的发病风险和肥胖的影响改善之间的潜在关联。方法使用改良的Poisson回归模型估算了8310名参与者的T2D发生率比（IRR）和95％置信区间（CIs）。在随访期间，通过重复饮食评估对饮食指数进行平均。结果在校正了潜在的混杂因素后，女性中GI与T2D之间呈正相关（最高三分位数（T3）与最低三分位数（T1）的IRR = 1.63，95％CI = 1.06-2.51，p趋势，p趋势= 0.0310），但不适用于GL和碳水化合物摄入。肥胖女性与GI的这种正相关性更强（在T3与T1中，IRR = 1.91，95％CI：1.15-3.19，体重指数≥23kg / m2时p趋势= 0.0137; IRR = 2.35，95％CI：1.01-5.48，腰围（WC）≥85 cm时p趋势= 0.0350）。在男性中，肥胖分层之前没有相关性，但是随着WC的增加，GI的IRR（T3与T1）显着增强（IRR = 2.26，95％CI：1.02-4.98，WC≥90时p趋势= 0.0439）厘米）。结论GI可能与女性（尤其是肥胖女性）的T2D发病率呈正相关。即使在WC较高的男性中，GI与T2D发病风险的关联也可能呈阳性。对于WC≥90 cm，p趋势= 0.0439）。结论GI可能与女性（尤其是肥胖女性）的T2D发病率呈正相关。即使在WC较高的男性中，GI与T2D发病风险的关联也可能呈阳性。对于WC≥90 cm，p趋势= 0.0439）。结论GI可能与女性（尤其是肥胖女性）的T2D发病率呈正相关。即使在WC较高的男性中，GI与T2D发病风险的关联也可能呈阳性。