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Estimation of PM2.5 Emission Sources in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area by Simultaneous Measurements of Particle Elements and Oxidative Ratio in Air
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-27 , DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00314 Naoki Kaneyasu 1 , Shigeyuki Ishidoya 1 , Yukio Terao 2 , Yusuke Mizuno 3 , Hirofumi Sugawara 4
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-27 , DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00314 Naoki Kaneyasu 1 , Shigeyuki Ishidoya 1 , Yukio Terao 2 , Yusuke Mizuno 3 , Hirofumi Sugawara 4
Affiliation
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Researchers across research domains have traditionally used two different methods to characterize the emission sources of pollution in the atmosphere. One of the widely used methods in the area of air pollution utilizes the ratio of elements in aerosol, namely, PM2.5. The other method used in climate-related research is the oxidative ratio (OR = −ΔO2/ΔCO2) in air. In this study, these two methods were simultaneously applied for the first time to estimate the source of PM2.5 pollution. During a week-long pollution event that occurred in the Tokyo Metropolitan area, Japan, two concentration maxima were observed in the temporal plot of PM2.5. The slope of the linear regression line for the Pb versus Ni concentration plot during the first PM2.5 concentration maximum was approximately 4 times larger than that of the second, indicating that the former was dominated by Pb-rich emission sources, that is, coal combustion. The ORs in air measured during the corresponding concentration maxima were 1.33 and 1.51, suggesting the prevailing contributions of CO2 emitted from coal and oil combustions, respectively. This suggests that the results from elemental ratio and OR analyses were consistent in identifying the emissions from these important fuel types. The results obtained in our study demonstrated that OR in the air is also applicable to estimate the emission sources of PM2.5, providing more information on the phase of the combusted materials, that is, gaseous, liquid, or solid phase. Such a study should improve the estimation of emission sources both in air pollution and climate-related research.
中文翻译：
通过同时测量空气中颗粒元素和氧化比估算东京都会区PM 2.5排放源
传统上，跨研究领域的研究人员使用两种不同的方法来表征大气污染的排放源。空气污染领域中一种广泛使用的方法是利用气溶胶中的元素比例，即PM 2.5。在气候相关的研究中所用的另一种方法是氧化比（OR =-ΔO 2 /ΔCO 2在空气中）。在这项研究中，这两种方法首次同时应用于估算PM 2.5污染的来源。在日本东京都会区发生的为期一周的污染事件中，在PM 2.5的时间图中观察到两个浓度最大值。在第一个PM 2.5浓度最大值期间，Pb对Ni浓度曲线的线性回归线的斜率大约是第二个的4倍，表明前者主要由富Pb排放源控制，即煤燃烧。在相应的最高浓度下测得的空气中的OR分别为1.33和1.51，表明煤和石油燃烧产生的CO 2分别占主导地位。这表明元素比和OR分析的结果在确定这些重要燃料类型的排放方面是一致的。我们的研究结果表明，空气中的OR也可用于估算PM 2.5的排放源，提供有关燃烧物料相的更多信息，即气相，液相或固相。这样的研究应该改善空气污染和气候相关研究中排放源的估算。
更新日期：2020-01-29
中文翻译：
通过同时测量空气中颗粒元素和氧化比估算东京都会区PM 2.5排放源
传统上，跨研究领域的研究人员使用两种不同的方法来表征大气污染的排放源。空气污染领域中一种广泛使用的方法是利用气溶胶中的元素比例，即PM 2.5。在气候相关的研究中所用的另一种方法是氧化比（OR =-ΔO 2 /ΔCO 2在空气中）。在这项研究中，这两种方法首次同时应用于估算PM 2.5污染的来源。在日本东京都会区发生的为期一周的污染事件中，在PM 2.5的时间图中观察到两个浓度最大值。在第一个PM 2.5浓度最大值期间，Pb对Ni浓度曲线的线性回归线的斜率大约是第二个的4倍，表明前者主要由富Pb排放源控制，即煤燃烧。在相应的最高浓度下测得的空气中的OR分别为1.33和1.51，表明煤和石油燃烧产生的CO 2分别占主导地位。这表明元素比和OR分析的结果在确定这些重要燃料类型的排放方面是一致的。我们的研究结果表明，空气中的OR也可用于估算PM 2.5的排放源，提供有关燃烧物料相的更多信息，即气相，液相或固相。这样的研究应该改善空气污染和气候相关研究中排放源的估算。
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