Water bodies cover approximately 70 % of the earth´s surface, making them ecosystems with a high environmental value and the habitat for numerous species of flora and fauna. Emerging pollutants (EPs) are ubiquitous anthropogenic compounds of environmental concern that can be found at different concentration levels in matrices such as sediment, water and aquatic biota. In addition, EPs can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified, inducing adverse effects on biota, and posing a risk to humans when contaminated biota is consumed. Unlike abiotic matrices, the occurrence of EPs in aquatic biota has not been widely studied. This is probably because their complexity, due to the presence of lipids, proteins and other organic compounds, makes the extraction and analysis of EPs difficult. This review gathers the most relevant analytical methods published between 2014 and 2019, comparing them and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses. It is intended to provide a better understanding of the development of new and improved methods, and to be a reference for researchers who are looking for the best methodology for their studies.

水体约占地球表面的70％，使它们成为具有高环境价值的生态系统，并拥有众多动植物物种的栖息地。新兴污染物（EPs）是环境中普遍存在的人为化合物，可以在基质（例如沉积物，水和水生生物群）中以不同的浓度水平找到它们。此外，EP可以被生物积累和生物放大，从而对生物群产生不利影响，并在食用被污染的生物群时对人类构成危险。与非生物基质不同，水生生物区系中EP的存在尚未得到广泛研究。这可能是因为由于脂质，蛋白质和其他有机化合物的存在，它们的复杂性使EP的提取和分析变得困难。这篇综述收集了2014年至2019年间发布的最相关的分析方法，对其进行了比较并评估了它们的优缺点。它旨在更好地了解新方法和改进方法的发展，并为寻求最佳研究方法的研究人员提供参考。