Cancer immunotherapy is a validated and critically important approach for treating patients with cancer. Given the vast research and clinical investigation efforts dedicated to advancing both endogenous and synthetic immunotherapy approaches, there is a need to focus on crucial questions and define roadblocks to the basic understanding and clinical progress. Here, we define ten key challenges facing cancer immunotherapy, which range from lack of confidence in translating pre-clinical findings to identifying optimal combinations of immune-based therapies for any given patient. Addressing these challenges will require the combined efforts of basic researchers and clinicians, and the focusing of resources to accelerate understanding of the complex interactions between cancer and the immune system and the development of improved treatment options for patients with cancer.

中文翻译：

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癌症免疫疗法的十大挑战。

癌症免疫疗法是治疗癌症患者的一种有效且至关重要的方法。鉴于致力于推进内源性和合成性免疫治疗方法的大量研究和临床研究工作，有必要将重点放在关键问题上，并确定基本理解和临床进展的障碍。在这里，我们定义了癌症免疫疗法面临的十个关键挑战，范围从对临床前研究结果缺乏信心到为任何给定患者确定基于免疫疗法的最佳组合。解决这些挑战需要基础研究人员和临床医生共同努力，