Capacitive deionization (CDI) is considered as a potential water purification technology for electrochemical removal of the salt from aqueous solutions. However, the development of an electrode material with adequate electro adsorption rate and capacity is still a major challenge. In this study, a N and P-doped three-dimensional (3D) structure of graphene with high conductivity and capacitance for high performance CDI was synthesized and possessed tunable pore size through phosphoric acid activation. It had a large specific surface area of 567.14 m² g⁻¹ due to the 3D hierarchical porous structure and highly crosslinked networks of graphene sheets. This novel material also had a high specific capacitance (177.19 F g⁻¹). High specific capacitance and interaction of micropores with mesopores improved the desalination capacity up to 20.93 mg g⁻¹. Consequently, the materials with high specific surface area, better specific capacitance and tunable pore size can have a great potential for efficient and practical desalination applications.

电容去离子（CDI）被认为是从水溶液中电化学去除盐的一种潜在的水净化技术。然而，开发具有足够的电吸附速率和容量的电极材料仍然是主要挑战。在这项研究中，合成了具有高电导率和电容的高性能CDI石墨烯的N和P掺杂的三维（3D）结构，并通过磷酸活化具有可调的孔径。由于3D分层多孔结构和石墨烯片的高度交联网络，其比表面积为567.14 m ²  g ^-1。这种新型材料还具有较高的比电容（177.19 F g ^-1）。高比电容和微孔与中孔的相互作用提高了高达20.93 mg g ^-1的脱盐能力。因此，具有高比表面积，更好的比电容和可调节的孔径的材料对于有效和实用的脱盐应用具有很大的潜力。