As anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), one of the significant advantages for perovskite alternatives over conventional Ni-based cermets is the high tolerance to sulfur poisoning. However, there are some controversies on sulfur poisoning mechanisms of perovskite anode cells and many related works are not systematic and convincible enough. Herein, with 200 ppm H₂S–H₂ fed to anode chamber, we find that (La_0.8Sr_0.2)_0.95MnO_3-δ/(Sc₂O₃)_0.1(CeO₂)_0.01(ZrO₂)_0.89 (LSM/ScSZ) cathode undergoes a severe deactivation using Ceramabond 552 sealant, while La_0.8Sr_0.2Fe_0.9Nb_0.1O_3-δ (LSFNb) anode keeps activating. Adopting annealing-quenching treatment to simulate in-situ conditions, transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that ∼5 nm hexagonal FeS nanoparticles and ultrathin sulfur species layer are dynamically-formed on LSFNb surface upon exposure to 200 ppm H₂S–H₂ since they disappear after the subsequent annealing in H₂. Finally, sulfur poisoning stages of the cells and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed systematically. Our work offers a new dimension for understanding sulfur poisoning behaviors of whole cells and sulfur poisoning and promotion effects on LSFNb perovskite anode.

作为固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的阳极，钙钛矿替代品比常规镍基金属陶瓷的显着优势之一是对硫中毒的耐受性高。然而，钙钛矿阳极电池的硫中毒机理尚有争议，许多相关工作还不够系统性和令人信服。在此，将200 ppm H ₂ S–H ₂送入阳极室，我们发现（La _0.8 Sr _0.2）_0.95 MnO3 _-δ /（Sc ₂ O ₃）_0.1（CeO ₂）_0.01（ZrO ₂）_0.89（LSM / ScSZ）阴极使用Ceramabond 552密封剂严重失活，而La _0.8 Sr _0.2 Fe _0.9 Nb _0.1 O3 _-δ（LSFNb）阳极保持活化。通过退火淬火处理模拟原位条件，透射电子显微镜研究表明，在暴露于200 ppm H ₂ S–H ₂时，LSFNb表面动态形成了约5 nm的六方FeS纳米颗粒和超薄硫物种层，因为它们消失了在随后的H ₂退火之后。最后，系统地讨论了细胞的硫中毒阶段及其机制。我们的工作为了解整个细胞的硫中毒行为以及硫中毒和对LSFNb钙钛矿阳极的促进作用提供了新的视角。