House mice (Mus musculus) are a widespread invasive species on islands. Where they are the sole introduced mammal they can have particularly strong negative impacts on recipient ecosystems. House mice impacts have been documented on almost every component of the terrestrial ecosystem on Southern Ocean islands, including plants, invertebrates, birds and ecosystem function. We undertook a comprehensive study to determine the impacts of house mice on Antipodes Island, New Zealand. This study was done prior to mouse eradication to inform monitoring and restoration. We used invertebrate pitfall trapping on the main Antipodes Island and neighbouring mouse-free offshore islands together with mouse stomach contents and stable isotope analyses of mouse livers to examine dietary preferences. We identified directly impacted and consumed invertebrate Orders relative to their abundance and provided a comprehensive picture of resource flow and overlap in the invaded terrestrial ecosystem. The remote terrestrial ecosystem of Antipodes Island was tightly circumscribed with strong resource overlap. Mouse diet varied seasonally with resource availability, dominated by invertebrates and land birds in summer, and plants and seabirds in winter. Invertebrates that were preferentially preyed upon were Amphipoda, Lepidoptera and some species of Coleoptera. These patterns suggest the ecosystem is annually driven by a seasonal bottom-up resource pulse over summer, where mice are a selective predator, differentially preying on invertebrates relative to invertebrate abundance. Mice appear to be exhausting preferred prey as they systematically consume their way through the terrestrial ecosystem. Land bird diet also varied seasonally and some of these birds likely competed with mice for invertebrate prey. Eradication of mice from Antipodes Island should reduce the predation on invertebrates and reduce the effects of competition and predation on land birds. This should have flow-on effects to the abundance of invertebrates and endemic land bird sub-species of pipit and snipe.

中文翻译：

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引入的小鼠对系统的猎物的偏爱耗尽了安提波德斯岛上的生态系统

家鼠（小家鼠））是岛屿上的一种广泛入侵物种。如果它们是唯一引进的哺乳动物，它们会对接收者的生态系统产生特别强烈的负面影响。家鼠对南大洋岛屿陆地生态系统几乎每个组成部分的影响都有记录，包括植物，无脊椎动物，鸟类和生态系统功能。我们进行了一项全面的研究，以确定家鼠对新西兰安提波德岛的影响。这项研究是在根除小鼠以进行监测和恢复之前进行的。我们在主要的Antipodes岛和附近的无小鼠离岸岛上使用了无脊椎动物陷阱，并进行了小鼠胃内容物和小鼠肝脏稳定同位素分析，以研究饮食偏好。我们确定了直接影响和消耗的无脊椎动物订单（相对于其数量），并提供了被入侵陆地生态系统中资源流动和重叠的全面情况。安提波德斯岛偏远的陆地生态系统受到严格的限制，资源重叠重。老鼠的饮食随资源的获取而季节性变化，夏季以无脊椎动物和陆鸟为主，冬季以植物和海鸟为主。优先捕食的无脊椎动物是两栖动物，鳞翅目和鞘翅目。这些模式表明，生态系统每年在夏季受到季节性自下而上的资源脉动的驱动，在这种情况下，小鼠是选择性的捕食者，相对于无脊椎动物的丰度而言，它们对无脊椎动物的捕食差异很大。小鼠似乎正在耗尽首选的猎物，因为它们有系统地消耗了整个陆地生态系统。陆鸟的饮食也随季节变化，其中一些鸟可能与小鼠竞争无脊椎动物的猎物。从安提波德斯岛消灭老鼠应减少对无脊椎动物的捕食，并减少竞争和捕食对陆生鸟类的影响。这将对和sn的无脊椎动物和特有陆鸟亚种产生大量影响。