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Outcompeting cancer.
Nature Reviews Cancer ( IF 72.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0231-8 Medhavi Vishwakarma 1 , Eugenia Piddini 1
Nature Reviews Cancer ( IF 72.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0231-8 Medhavi Vishwakarma 1 , Eugenia Piddini 1
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The tumour microenvironment plays a critical role in determining tumour fate. Within that environment, and indeed throughout epithelial tissues, cells experience competition with their neighbours, with those less fit being eliminated by fitter adjacent cells. Herein we discuss evidence suggesting that mutations in cancer cells may be selected for their ability to exploit cell competition to kill neighbouring host cells, thereby facilitating tumour expansion. In some instances, cell competition may help host tissues to defend against cancer, by removing neoplastic and aneuploid cells. Cancer risk factors, such as high-sugar or high-fat diet and inflammation, impact cell competition-based host defences, suggesting that their effect on tumour risk may in part be accounted for by their influence on cell competition. We propose that interventions aimed at modifying the strength and direction of cell competition could induce cancer cell killing and form the basis for novel anticancer therapies.
中文翻译：
战胜癌症。
肿瘤微环境在决定肿瘤命运中起着至关重要的作用。在这种环境中，实际上在整个上皮组织中，细胞都会与邻近的细胞进行竞争，那些不太适合的细胞会被更适合的相邻细胞淘汰。在此，我们讨论的证据表明，癌细胞中的突变可能因其利用细胞竞争杀死邻近宿主细胞的能力而被选择，从而促进肿瘤扩张。在某些情况下，细胞竞争可以通过去除肿瘤细胞和非整倍体细胞来帮助宿主组织抵御癌症。癌症风险因素，例如高糖或高脂肪饮食和炎症，会影响基于细胞竞争的宿主防御，这表明它们对肿瘤风险的影响可能部分归因于它们对细胞竞争的影响。我们提出，旨在改变细胞竞争强度和方向的干预措施可以诱导癌细胞死亡，并为新型抗癌疗法奠定基础。
更新日期：2020-01-13
中文翻译：
战胜癌症。
肿瘤微环境在决定肿瘤命运中起着至关重要的作用。在这种环境中，实际上在整个上皮组织中，细胞都会与邻近的细胞进行竞争，那些不太适合的细胞会被更适合的相邻细胞淘汰。在此，我们讨论的证据表明，癌细胞中的突变可能因其利用细胞竞争杀死邻近宿主细胞的能力而被选择，从而促进肿瘤扩张。在某些情况下，细胞竞争可以通过去除肿瘤细胞和非整倍体细胞来帮助宿主组织抵御癌症。癌症风险因素，例如高糖或高脂肪饮食和炎症，会影响基于细胞竞争的宿主防御，这表明它们对肿瘤风险的影响可能部分归因于它们对细胞竞争的影响。我们提出，旨在改变细胞竞争强度和方向的干预措施可以诱导癌细胞死亡，并为新型抗癌疗法奠定基础。
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