Abstract This paper proposes a method to detect and classify ten short-circuit faults in distribution networks, where the presence of distributed generators makes fault diagnosis a challenging problem. The main idea is to consider operating modes of distributed generators in analyzing fault characteristics via the Fortescue approach, and exploit the softmax regression to alleviate negative effects of transient data samples on the fault classification. The proposed method is developed in three main steps. First, the relationship between measurable currents and unavailable currents of the fault point is developed for the grid-connected mode or the islanding mode of distributed generators. Second, the Fortescue approach is used to formulate fault characteristics from the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence components of measurable currents. Third, the softmax regression is introduced to alleviate negative effects of transient data samples on the fault classification. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated via numerical examples on balanced and unbalanced distribution networks.

中文翻译：

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基于Fortescue方法和Softmax回归的配电网短路故障检测与分类

摘要 本文提出了一种检测和分类配电网络中十种短路故障的方法，其中分布式发电机的存在使故障诊断成为一个具有挑战性的问题。主要思想是通过Fortescue方法在分析故障特征时考虑分布式发电机的运行模式，并利用softmax回归来减轻瞬态数据样本对故障分类的负面影响。所提出的方法分三个主要步骤开发。首先，针对分布式发电机的并网模式或孤岛模式，建立了故障点可测量电流与不可用电流之间的关系。其次，Fortescue 方法用于根据可测量电流的正序、负序和零序分量制定故障特征。第三，引入 softmax 回归以减轻瞬态数据样本对故障分类的负面影响。通过平衡和不平衡配电网络的数值例子证明了所提出方法的有效性。