Three-dimensional aerogels with hydrophobic and lipophilic properties have attracted wide attention in the effective cleaning of oil-spills. However, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and recycling are still challenging in the application of aerogels for oil-water separation. In this paper, we have prepared high biocompatibility, low cost, and hydrophobic composite aerogels (WCA = 148°) through directional freezing-drying technology by using chitosan (CS) as the skeleton substrate, reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO) as enhancements and hydrophobic silicon particles/polydimethylsioxane (H-SiO₂/PDMS) as the hydrophobic modifier. The composite aerogel prepared has good adsorption capacity (18–45 g/g), good chemical and thermal stability in a harsh environment. More importantly, the adsorbed organic solvents and oils adsorbed can be easily extruded from aerogels due to its excellent compressive properties. In addition, adsorption rate for pump oil and silicone oil is accelerated with the increase of temperature. The adsorption kinetics of aerogel on silicone oil and pump oil can be well fitted by pseudo-first order kinetic equation.

具有疏水性和亲脂性的三维气凝胶在溢油的有效清洁中引起了广泛的关注。然而，在气凝胶用于油水分离中的应用中，成本效益，生物可降解性和再循环仍然是挑战。在本文中，我们以壳聚糖（CS）为骨架基质，还原型氧化石墨烯纳米片（rGO）作为增强剂，通过定向冷冻干燥技术制备了具有高生物相容性，低成本和疏水性的复合气凝胶（WCA = 148°）。疏水硅颗粒/聚二甲基硅氧烷（H-SiO ₂/ PDMS）作为疏水改性剂。制备的复合气凝胶在恶劣环境下具有良好的吸附能力（18–45 g / g），良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性。更重要的是，由于其优异的压缩性能，所吸附的有机溶剂和被吸附的油可以很容易地从气凝胶中挤出。另外，随着温度的升高，对泵油和硅油的吸附速度加快。气凝胶在硅油和泵油上的吸附动力学可以通过拟一阶动力学方程很好地拟合。