Abstract Superhydrophobic-superoleophilic ceramic membranes with chemical, thermal and mechanical robustness are promising for efficient water-in-oil emulsion separation. Here, we report a facile approach to fabricate superhydrophobic-superoleophilic SiC membranes via ZnO nanosphere (NS) deposition and n-octyltriethoxysilane surface grafting. ZnO NSs were grown onto SiC grains by chemical solution deposition method to form micro-nano hierarchical structures for the membrane surfaces. By tuning the precursor concentration, the surface structures of SiC-25, SiC-50 and SiC-75 membranes (C(Zn2+) = 25, 50 and 75 mM) were tailored with the increasing density of ZnO NSs. We found that the surfaces of SiC-50 and SiC-75 membrane were superhydrophobic-superoleophilic. Compared with pristine and simply grafted SiC membranes, the three SiC membranes with ZnO NS and grafting modification displayed excellent water rejection (>99.0%) and superior oil flux. The SiC-50 membrane displayed the optimal performance with steady-state flux was up to ~1000 L m-2 h-1 under 1 bar for 500 ppm water-in-hexane emulsion. The effects of surface structure and wettability on water-in-oil emulsion separation performance is revealed. We also confirmed the stability of the superhydrophobicity for the SiC-75 membrane. This work offers new insights into constructing robust superhydrophobic-superoleophilic ceramic membranes for high-performance water removal from oil products.

中文翻译：

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具有微纳米分级结构的超疏水-超亲油 SiC 膜用于高效油包水乳液分离

摘要 具有化学、热和机械稳定性的超疏水-超亲油陶瓷膜有望有效分离油包水乳液。在这里，我们报告了一种通过 ZnO 纳米球 (NS) 沉积和正辛基三乙氧基硅烷表面接枝来制造超疏水-超亲油 SiC 膜的简便方法。通过化学溶液沉积方法将 ZnO NSs 生长到 SiC 晶粒上，以形成膜表面的微纳米分层结构。通过调整前体浓度，随着 ZnO NSs 密度的增加，SiC-25、SiC-50 和 SiC-75 膜的表面结构（C（Zn2+）= 25、50 和 75 mM）被定制。我们发现 SiC-50 和 SiC-75 膜的表面是超疏水-超亲油的。与原始和简单接枝的 SiC 膜相比，三种具有 ZnO NS 和接枝改性的 SiC 膜显示出优异的脱水率 (>99.0%) 和优异的油通量。对于 500 ppm 己烷包水乳液，SiC-50 膜显示出最佳性能，在 1 bar 压力下，稳态通量高达 ~1000 L m-2 h-1。揭示了表面结构和润湿性对油包水乳液分离性能的影响。我们还证实了 SiC-75 膜的超疏水性的​​稳定性。这项工作为构建坚固的超疏水-超亲油陶瓷膜以从油产品中高效去除水提供了新的见解。对于 500 ppm 己烷包水乳液，SiC-50 膜显示出最佳性能，在 1 bar 压力下，稳态通量高达 ~1000 L m-2 h-1。揭示了表面结构和润湿性对油包水乳液分离性能的影响。我们还证实了 SiC-75 膜的超疏水性的​​稳定性。这项工作为构建坚固的超疏水-超亲油陶瓷膜以从油产品中高效去除水提供了新的见解。对于 500 ppm 己烷包水乳液，SiC-50 膜显示出最佳性能，在 1 bar 压力下，稳态通量高达 ~1000 L m-2 h-1。揭示了表面结构和润湿性对油包水乳液分离性能的影响。我们还证实了 SiC-75 膜的超疏水性的​​稳定性。这项工作为构建坚固的超疏水-超亲油陶瓷膜以从油产品中高效去除水提供了新的见解。