The ica genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) play an important role in biofilm formation. The aim of this study is to define effect of antibiotic resistance and clinical specimens to the expression of ica genes based on their sequence types (STs) and clonal complex (CC). One-hundred (100) S. aureus strain were collected from two teaching therapeutic centers in Hamedan, Iran. Then, the PCR, qPCR, and MLST were used to characterize strains. The results indicated that 29 (29%), 15 (15%), and 5 (5%) strain were strong, mediate, weak biofilm producer, respectively, and the icaA (17%) and icaC (14%) genes were the most abundant. However, two unique STs (3667, 491) in Iran were reported and ST30 and ST11 were the most abundant STs and CC30 and CC5 were observed among MRSA and MSSA strains. High activity in ica locus was observed among strains collected from wound and catheter strains. Also, expression level of icaA gene increased in all strains except ST30 and ST491. Moreover, the highest expression level was observed in CC1, CC7, and CC11. Likewise, activity of the icaC gene was only observed in CC5. Furthermore, the expression of all ica genes in CC5 was significantly correlated with the type of biofilm and the clinical sample. In this study demonstrated that the frequency distribution of STs and CCs in different strains of MRSA was higher than methicillin-sensitive strains. Also, the type of clinical specimen and expression of ica genes played an important role in this abundance.

中文翻译：

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基于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的序列类型（ST），生物膜基因表达与抗菌素耐药性模式和临床标本类型之间的关系。

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）中的ica基因在生物膜形成中起重要作用。这项研究的目的是基于序列类型（ST）和克隆复合体（CC）来确定抗生素抗性和临床标本对ica基因表达的影响。从伊朗哈马丹的两个教学治疗中心收集了一百（100）株金黄色葡萄球菌。然后，使用PCR，qPCR和MLST表征菌株。结果表明，分别有29（29％），15（15％）和5（5％）菌株是强，中和弱生物膜生产者，而icaA（17％）和icaC（14％）基因是最丰富。然而，据报道在伊朗有两个独特的ST（3667、491），ST30和ST11是最丰富的ST，在MRSA和MSSA菌株中观察到CC30和CC5。在从伤口和导管菌株中收集的菌株中，在ica基因座中观察到高活性。另外，除了ST30和ST491以外，所有菌株中icaA基因的表达水平均升高。此外，在CC1，CC7和CC11中观察到最高的表达水平。同样，仅在CC5中观察到icaC基因的活性。此外，CC5中所有ica基因的表达与生物膜的类型和临床样品显着相关。在这项研究中表明，不同的MRSA菌株中ST和CC的频率分布高于对甲氧西林敏感的菌株。同样，临床标本的类型和ica基因的表达在这种丰度中也起着重要作用。在CC1，CC7和CC11中观察到最高的表达水平。同样，仅在CC5中观察到icaC基因的活性。此外，CC5中所有ica基因的表达均与生物膜的类型和临床样品显着相关。在这项研究中表明，不同的MRSA菌株中ST和CC的频率分布高于对甲氧西林敏感的菌株。同样，临床标本的类型和ica基因的表达在这种丰度中也起着重要作用。在CC1，CC7和CC11中观察到最高的表达水平。同样，仅在CC5中观察到icaC基因的活性。此外，CC5中所有ica基因的表达与生物膜的类型和临床样品显着相关。在这项研究中表明，不同的MRSA菌株中ST和CC的频率分布高于对甲氧西林敏感的菌株。同样，临床标本的类型和ica基因的表达在这种丰度中也起着重要作用。在这项研究中表明，不同的MRSA菌株中ST和CC的频率分布高于对甲氧西林敏感的菌株。同样，临床标本的类型和ica基因的表达在这种丰度中也起着重要作用。在这项研究中表明，不同的MRSA菌株中ST和CC的频率分布高于对甲氧西林敏感的菌株。同样，临床标本的类型和ica基因的表达在这种丰度中也起着重要作用。