Health data are increasingly being generated at a massive scale, at various levels of phenotyping and from different types of resources. Concurrent with recent technological advances in both data-generation infrastructure and data-analysis methodologies, there have been many claims that these events will revolutionize healthcare, but such claims are still a matter of debate. Addressing the potential and challenges of big data in healthcare requires an understanding of the characteristics of the data. Here we characterize various properties of medical data, which we refer to as 'axes' of data, describe the considerations and tradeoffs taken when such data are generated, and the types of analyses that may achieve the tasks at hand. We then broadly describe the potential and challenges of using big data in healthcare resources, aiming to contribute to the ongoing discussion of the potential of big data resources to advance the understanding of health and disease.

中文翻译：

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革命的轴心：大数据在医疗保健领域的挑战和前景。

越来越多的健康数据以大规模、不同的表型水平和不同类型的资源生成。在数据生成基础设施和数据分析方法的最新技术进步的同时，有许多声称这些事件将彻底改变医疗保健，但这种说法仍然存在争议。解决大数据在医疗保健领域的潜力和挑战需要了解数据的特征。在这里，我们描述了医学数据的各种属性，我们将其称为数据“轴”，描述了生成此类数据时所采取的考虑和权衡，以及可以完成手头任务的分析类型。然后，我们广泛描述了在医疗资源中使用大数据的潜力和挑战，