The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is an efficient electrochemical energy storage device with high voltage, long life, good safety, etc. Silicon has a high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mA h g⁻¹), due to which it is considered a promising anode material for next-generation LIBs. However, the huge volume change (400%) of the Si material during the lithiation/delithiation processes destroys its structure, which greatly reduces the initial coulombic efficiency, cycle stability and rate performance of the battery. Accordingly, constructing nanostructured Si, particularly silicon nanowires (SiNWs), can help to address the above issues. Additionally, it is important to further improve the electrochemical performance by incorporating some additives in SiNW-based electrodes. Therefore, this review focuses primarily on SiNW-based materials as anodes for LIBs from a material-based perspective. Various materials incorporated into SiNW-based anodes through doping or compositing are reported. The electrochemical effects of diverse additives, including carbon materials, metals, metal oxides, polymers, Si-based materials and other special substances, are comprehensively reviewed.

中文翻译：

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从材料角度看下一代高性能锂离子电池的硅纳米线阳极

锂离子电池（LIB）是一种高效的电化学储能设备，具有高电压，长寿命，安全性高等优点。硅具有较高的理论比容量（4200 mA hg ^-1），因此被认为是下一代LIB的有希望的阳极材料。然而，在锂化/去锂化过程中，硅材料的巨大体积变化（400％）破坏了其结构，这大大降低了电池的初始库仑效率，循环稳定性和倍率性能。因此，构造纳米结构的Si，特别是硅纳米线（SiNW），可以帮助解决上述问题。另外，重要的是通过在基于SiNW的电极中加入一些添加剂来进一步提高电化学性能。因此，本综述主要从基于材料的角度着眼于基于SiNW的材料作为LIB的阳极。据报道，通过掺杂或复合结合到基于SiNW的阳极中的各种材料。各种添加剂的电化学效应