INTRODUCTION Lithium salts have numerous industrial uses and are also used in the treatment of bipolar disorders. The main source of lithium exposure to the general population is drinking water and foods. Lithium is nephrotoxic at higher doses. Thus, oral exposure guidelines for lithium have been derived, including ICH's permitted daily exposure (PDE = 0.008 mg lithium/kg-bw/day) adopted by Health Canada and the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) provisional peer reviewed toxicity value (PPRTV = 0.002 mg lithium/kg-bw/day), both based on human data. OBJECTIVE To derive whole blood biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) associated with PDE and PPRTV to interpret population-level biomonitoring data in health risk context. METHOD A simple kinetic relationship based on plasma clearance value (0.5 L/kg-bw/day) and the oral absorption fraction (100%) was used to derive blood BEs for PDE and PPRTV. RESULTS This analysis resulted in BE values in plasma and whole blood of 16 and 10 μg/L, respectively, based on the PDE values developed by the Health Canada and of 4.2 and 2.7 μg/L, respectively, based on the PPRTV developed by U.S. EPA. CONCLUSION The derived BE values can be used to interpret population-level biomonitoring data.

中文翻译：

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锂的全血生物监测等效物的推导，用于解释生物监测数据。

引言锂盐具有许多工业用途，还用于治疗双相情感障碍。普通人群接触锂的主要来源是饮用水和食物。锂在高剂量时具有肾毒性。因此，已经得出了锂的口服暴露指南，包括加拿大卫生部和美国环境保护署（US EPA）临时同行评审的毒性值采用的ICH允许的每日暴露（PDE = 0.008 mg锂/ kg-bw /天）（ PPRTV = 0.002 mg锂/ kg-bw /天），均基于人类数据。目的推导与PDE和PPRTV相关的全血生物监测等效物（BE），以在健康风险背景下解释人群水平的生物监测数据。方法基于血浆清除率值（0。5 L / kg-bw /天）和口服吸收分数（100％）用于得出PDE和PPRTV的血液BE。结果根据加拿大卫生部制定的PDE值，血浆和全血中的BE值分别为16和10μg/ L；根据美国开发的PPRTV，血浆和全血中的BE值分别为4.2和2.7μg/ L。 EPA。结论得出的BE值可用于解释人群水平的生物监测数据。