Staphylococcus aureus is an important human bacterial pathogen that has a cosmopolitan host range, including livestock, companion and wild animal species. Genomic and epidemiological studies show that S. aureus has jumped between host species many times over its evolutionary history. These jumps have involved the dynamic gain and loss of host-specific adaptive genes, usually located on mobile genetic elements. The same functional elements are often consistently gained in jumps into a particular species. Further sampling of diverse animal species is likely to uncover an even broader host range and greater genetic diversity of S. aureus than is already known, and understanding S. aureus host specificity in these hosts will mitigate the risks of emergent human and livestock strains.

中文翻译：

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金黄色葡萄球菌宿主特异性的进化基因组学。

金黄色葡萄球菌是重要的人类细菌病原体，具有世界性的宿主范围，包括牲畜，伴侣动物和野生动物。基因组学和流行病学研究表明，金黄色葡萄球菌在其进化过程中多次在宿主物种之间跳跃。这些跳跃涉及通常位于移动遗传元件上的宿主特异性适应基因的动态得失。在跳入特定物种时，通常会始终获得相同的功能元素。进一步取样各种动物物种可能会发现金黄色葡萄球菌的寄主范围更大，遗传多样性也比已知的更大，了解这些宿主中的金黄色葡萄球菌宿主特异性将减轻人类和家畜出现新菌株的风险。