Abstract

The strict connection between nutritional intake and health leads to a necessity of understanding the beneficial and protective role of healthy nutrients and foods. The marine environment is a source of a plethora of many organisms with unique properties, extremely rich in bioactive compounds and with remarkable potential for medical, industrial and biotechnological applications. Marine organisms are an extreme valuable source of functional ingredients such as polysaccharides, vitamins, minerals, pigments, enzymes, proteins and peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phenolic compounds and other secondary metabolites that prevent or have the potential to treat several diseases given their cardiovascular protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, anti-proliferative and anti-diabetic activities. This review provides an overview on the current advances regarding health benefits of marine bioactive compounds on several diseases and on human gut microbiota. In addition, it is discussed a crucial factor that is related to the effectiveness of these compounds on human organism namely its real bioavailability.

摘要

营养摄入与健康之间的严格联系导致有必要了解健康营养和食品的有益和保护作用。海洋环境是众多生物的源泉，这些生物具有独特的特性，极其丰富的生物活性化合物，并且在医疗，工业和生物技术应用方面具有巨大的潜力。海洋生物是功能成分的极有价值的来源，例如多糖，维生素，矿物质，色素，酶，蛋白质和多肽，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），酚类化合物和其他次生代谢产物，它们可以预防或可能治疗多种疾病其心血管保护，抗炎，抗高血压，抗氧化，抗凝血，抗增殖和抗糖尿病活性。这篇综述概述了有关海洋生物活性化合物对多种疾病和人类肠道菌群的健康益处的最新进展。另外，讨论了与这些化合物对人类有机物的有效性有关的关键因素，即其实际生物利用度。